浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
Received:07 April 2025,
Revised:13 June 2025,
Accepted:15 June 2025,
Published:15 July 2025
移动端阅览
国家卫生健康委医院管理研究所药学信息专家委员会,中国医药教育协会老年药学专业委员会,北京整合医学学会数智化药学管理与服务分会.人工智能辅助药学服务专家共识 [J].中国药房,2025,36(13):1553-1562.
.Expert consensus on artificial intelligence-assisted pharmaceutical care[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2025,36(13):1553-1562.
国家卫生健康委医院管理研究所药学信息专家委员会,中国医药教育协会老年药学专业委员会,北京整合医学学会数智化药学管理与服务分会.人工智能辅助药学服务专家共识 [J].中国药房,2025,36(13):1553-1562. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.13.01.
.Expert consensus on artificial intelligence-assisted pharmaceutical care[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2025,36(13):1553-1562. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.13.01.
目的
2
为人工智能技术在辅助药学服务工作中的科学、规范应用提供指导性意见,推动药学服务高质量发展。
方法
2
以“人工智能”“药学服务”等关键词全面检索国内外数据库和相关政策性文献,结合我国人工智能辅助药学服务工作实践经验起草共识框架和初步推荐意见,以专家组70%及以上成员同意视为共识达成标准。结果与
结论
2
经过2轮改良德尔菲法调查与多轮讨论,围绕人工智能辅助开展药学服务的定义、内容、目标、多项应用场景(药学门诊、药物重整、用药教育、药物不良事件预测和监测、居家药学服务、药品供应)、伦理与责任主体、面临的挑战与质量控制建议方面形成了23条推荐意见(同意率均大于90%,均为强推荐),供医疗机构从事药学服务工作的专业技术人员、管理人员和人工智能技术开发人员使用,为人工智能时代背景下的药学服务实践提供指导。
OBJECTIVE
2
To provide guidance for the scientific and standardized application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in supporting pharmaceutical care services, and to promote the high-quality development of pharmaceutical care.
METHODS
2
Using keywords such as “artificial intelligence” and “pharmaceutical care”, a comprehensive search was conducted across domestic and international databases and relevant policy documents. Drawing upon practical experience in AI-assisted pharmaceutical care services in China, a consensus framework and preliminary recommendations were drafted. Consensus was defined as agreement by 70% or more of expert panel members.
RESULTS &
CONCLUSIONS
2
Through two rounds of the Delphi method and multiple rounds of discussions, 23 strong recommendations (approval rate >90%) were formulated. These address the definition, scope, objectives, multiple application scenarios (including pharmaceutical outpatient, medication reconciliation, medication education, adverse drug event prediction and monitoring, home-based pharmaceutical care services, and drug supply), ethical considerations and accountability, challenges encountered, and quality control recommendations for AI-assisted pharmaceutical care. Intended for use by professional technical staff engaged in pharmaceutical care, managers, and AI technology developers within healthcare institutions, these recommendations provide guidance for the practice of pharmaceutical care in the era of AI.
吴菲 , 沈爱宗 , 蔡琼 , 等 . 数据与知识联合驱动的智慧药学服务体系构建及系统实践 [J ] . 中国现代应用药学 , 2022 , 39 ( 21 ): 2751 - 2756 .
SERRANO D R , LUCIANO F C , ANAYA B J , et al . Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in drug discovery and drug delivery:revolutionizing personalized medicine [J ] . Pharmaceutics , 2024 , 16 ( 10 ): 1328 .
BHUYAN S S , SATEESH V , MUKUL N , et al . Generative artificial intelligence use in healthcare:opportunities for clinical excellence and administrative efficiency [J ] . J Med Syst , 2025 , 49 ( 1 ): 10 .
王卓芸 , 于飚 , 陶亮亮 , 等 . 借助自回归移动平均模型构建儿童口服退烧药消耗量的预测模型 [J ] . 中南药学 , 2024 , 22 ( 4 ): 1097 - 1100 .
詹世鹏 , 马攀 , 刘芳 . 机器学习在治疗药物监测与个体化用药中的应用 [J ] . 中国药房 , 2023 , 34 ( 1 ): 117 - 121,128 .
姚翀 , 刘东杰 , 郭代红 , 等 . 临床药物不良事件主动监测与智能评估警示系统Ⅱ的研发 [J ] . 中国药物应用与监测 , 2020 , 17 ( 6 ): 387 - 391 .
GWON Y N , KIM J H , CHUNG H S , et al . The use of generative AI for scientific literature searches for syste- matic reviews:ChatGPT and microsoft Bing AI performance evaluation [J ] . JMIR Med Inform , 2024 , 12 : e51187 .
PARAMASIVAN A . AI-enhanced virtual assistants in healthcare:streamlining administrative tasks and impro- ving patient engagement [J ] . J Sci Eng Res , 2020 , 7 ( 10 ): 262 - 268 .
BOHLMANN A , MOSTAFA J , KUMAR M . Machine learning and medication adherence:scoping review [J ] . JMIRx Med , 2021 , 2 ( 4 ): e26993 .
DICKINSON H , TELTSCH D Y , FEIFEL J , et al . The unseen hand:AI-based prescribing decision support tools and the evaluation of drug safety and effectiveness [J ] . Drug Saf , 2024 , 47 ( 2 ): 117 - 123 .
TAI C T , SUE K L , HU Y-H . Machine learning in high- alert medication treatment:a study on the cardiovascular drug [J ] . Appl Sci , 2020 , 10 ( 17 ): 5798 .
PATEL J , LADANI A , SAMBAMOORTHI N , et al . A machine learning approach to identify predictors of potentially inappropriate non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use in older adults with osteoarthritis [J ] . Int J Environ Res Public Health , 2020 , 18 ( 1 ): 155 .
OBERMEYER Z , EMANUEL E J . Predicting the future:big data,machine learning,and clinical medicine [J ] . N Engl J Med , 2016 , 375 ( 13 ): 1216 - 1219 .
WONGYIKUL P , THONGYOT N , TANTRAKOOLCHAROEN P , et al . High alert drugs screening using gradient boosting classifier [J ] . Sci Rep , 2021 , 11 ( 1 ): 20132 .
LEVIVIEN C , CAVAGNA P , GRAH A , et al . Assessment of a hybrid decision support system using machine lear- ning with artificial intelligence to safely rule out prescriptions from medication review in daily practice [J ] . Int J Clin Pharm , 2022 , 44 ( 2 ): 459 - 465 .
王天琳 , 蔡乐 , 董钊 , 等 . 基于生成式人工智能大语言模型编写缺血性卒中患者出院用药教育材料的案例研究 [J ] . 临床药物治疗杂志 , 2025 , 23 ( 1 ): 71 - 76 .
LEITNER J , CHIANG P H , AGNIHOTRI P , et al . The effect of an AI-based,autonomous,digital health intervention using precise lifestyle guidance on blood pressure in adults with hypertension:single-arm nonrandomized trial [J ] . JMIR Cardio , 2024 , 8 : e51916 .
YANG X , CHEN A K , POURNEJATIAN N , et al . A large language model for electronic health records [J ] . NPJ Digit Med , 2022 , 5 ( 1 ): 194 .
BRACKEN A , REILLY C , FEELEY A , et al . Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered documentation systems in healthcare:a systematic review [J ] . J Med Syst , 2025 , 49 ( 1 ): 28 .
LIU Z L , WU Z H , HU M X , et al . PharmacyGPT:the artificial intelligence pharmacist and an exploration of AI for ICU pharmacotherapy management [EB/OL ] . ( 2023-07-19 )[ 2025-03-26 ] . https://arxiv.org/html/2307.10432v3 https://arxiv.org/html/2307.10432v3 .
POWELEIT E A , VINKS A A , MIZUNO T . Artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches to facilitate therapeutic drug management and model-informed precision dosing [J ] . Ther Drug Monit , 2023 , 45 ( 2 ): 143 - 150 .
TANG B H , ZHANG J Y , ALLEGAERT K , et al . Use of machine learning for dosage individualization of vancomycin in neonates [J ] . Clin Pharmacokinet , 2023 , 62 ( 8 ): 1105 - 1116 .
李丽敏 , 吴文宇 , 魏芬芳 , 等 . 机器学习在药物警戒领域应用的文献计量分析 [J ] . 药物流行病学杂志 , 2024 , 33 ( 7 ): 801 - 811 .
ZHANG Y Y , DENG Z Q , XU X Y , et al . Application of artificial intelligence in drug-drug interactions prediction:a review [J ] . J Chem Inf Model , 2024 , 64 ( 7 ): 2158 - 2173 .
WANG S Q , DU G X , DAI S F , et al . Efficient information exchange approach for medical IoT based on AI and DAG-enabled blockchain [J ] . Heliyon , 2024 , 11 ( 2 ): e41617 .
ARMSTRONG D , PAUL C , MCGLAUGHLIN B , et al . Can artificial intelligence (AI) educate your patient? A study to assess overall readability and pharmacists’ perception of AI‐generated patient education materials [J ] . J Am Coll Clin Pharm , 2024 , 7 ( 8 ): 803 .
ROUHI A D , GHANEM Y K , YOLCHIEVA L , et al . Can artificial intelligence improve the readability of patient education materials on aortic stenosis? A pilot study [J ] . Cardiol Ther , 2024 , 13 ( 1 ): 137 - 147 .
闫盈盈 , 何娜 , 张志玲 , 等 . 生成式人工智能构建患者药品说明书的方法研究 [J ] . 临床药物治疗杂志 , 2024 , 22 ( 5 ): 1 - 6 .
REIS Z S N , PAGANO A S , RAMOS DE OLIVEIRA I J , et al . Evaluating large language model-supported instructions for medication use:first steps toward a comprehensive model [J ] . Mayo Clin Proc Digit Health , 2024 , 2 ( 4 ): 632 - 644 .
TOPOL E J . Machines and empathy in medicine [J ] . Lancet , 2023 , 402 ( 10411 ): 1411 .
BATES D W , LEVINE D , SYROWATKA A , et al . The potential of artificial intelligence to improve patient safety:a scoping review [J ] . NPJ Digit Med , 2021 , 4 ( 1 ): 54 .
AGGARWAL A , TAM C C , WU D Z , et al . Artificial intelligence-based chatbots for promoting health beha- vioral changes:systematic review [J ] . J Med Internet Res , 2023 , 25 : e40789 .
罗旭飞 , 吕晗 , 宋再伟 , 等 . 生成式人工智能对临床实践指南制订、评价和应用的影响 [J ] . 协和医学杂志 , 2024 , 15 ( 5 ): 1173 - 1181 .
WANG J Z , WANG K , YU Y F , et al . Self-improving generative foundation model for synthetic medical image generation and clinical applications [J ] . Nat Med , 2025 , 31 ( 2 ): 609 - 617 .
蔡雨坤 , 陈禹尧 . 取“人”之长:虚拟数字人在科普中的应用研究 [J ] . 科普研究 , 2023 , 18 ( 4 ): 26 - 34,107 .
李明 , 熊晓敏 , 刘猛 . 人工智能在药物不良反应管理中的应用研究进展 [J ] . 临床药物治疗杂志 , 2024 , 22 ( 12 ): 1 - 5 .
NISHIOKA S , WATABE S , YANAGISAWA Y , et al . Adverse event signal detection using patients’ concerns in pharmaceutical care records:evaluation of deep learning models [J ] . J Med Internet Res , 2024 , 26 : e55794 .
GAO Z Y , YANG Y , MENG R G , et al . Automatic assessment of adverse drug reaction reports with interactive visual exploration [J ] . Sci Rep , 2022 , 12 ( 1 ): 6777 .
贾欣悦 , 郑媛媛 . 创新联网购药智能药箱设计 [J ] . 科技与创新 , 2022 ( 5 ): 79 - 81 .
SRINIVAS M , DURGAPRASADARAO P , RAJ V N P . Intelligent medicine box for medication management using IoT [C ] // 2018 2nd International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control(ICISC) . Coimbatore : IEEE , 2018 : 32 - 34 .
杨秋波 . 互联网医院中的智能居家服务终端应用 [J ] . 集成电路应用 , 2024 , 41 ( 3 ): 242 - 243 .
许伟岚 , 齐金玲 , 李喜春 , 等 . 人工智能辅助系统对老年慢性病患者居家风险管理的作用 [J ] . 齐齐哈尔医学院学报 , 2021 , 42 ( 11 ): 974 - 976 .
HEZAM I M , ALI A M , ALSHAMRANI A M , et al . Artificial intelligence’s impact on drug delivery in healthcare supply chain management:data,techniques,analysis,and managerial implications [J ] . J Big Data , 2024 , 11 ( 1 ): 177 .
SHEN J W , BU F J , YE Z Q , et al . Management of drug supply chain information based on “artificial intelligence + vendor managed inventory” in China:perspective based on a case study [J ] . Front Pharmacol , 2024 , 15 : 1373642 .
郭瑞 , 孙嫣 , 王江涛 , 等 . 基于互联网信息技术构建智能医药供应链管理新平台 [J ] . 中国现代应用药学 , 2023 , 40 ( 24 ): 3445 - 3451 .
GHAZVINIAN A , FENG B , FENG J W . Enhancing efficiency in the healthcare sector through multi-objective optimization of freight cost and delivery time in the HIV drug supply chain using machine learning [J ] . Systems , 2025 , 13 ( 2 ): 91 .
ALAHMARI A R , ALRABGHI K K , DIGHRIRI I M . An overview of the current state and perspectives of pharmacy robot and medication dispensing technology [J ] . Cureus , 2022 , 14 ( 8 ): e28642 .
周志伟 , 赵雯雯 , 郁文刘 . 基于物联网和人工智能技术的智慧化门诊药房构建 [J ] . 中国医疗设备 , 2024 , 39 ( 2 ): 95 - 100 .
曾娜 , 孙华君 , 于广军 . 配液机器人在我国静脉用药调配中心的应用现状与展望 [J ] . 上海医药 , 2024 , 45 ( 23 ): 14 - 18 .
葛立萌 , 祁建平 , 张志康 , 等 . 智慧静脉药物配液机器人风险屏障机制探讨 [J ] . 机器人外科学杂志(中英文) , 2024 , 5 ( 3 ): 484 - 488 .
RAJPURKAR P , CHEN E , BANERJEE O , et al . AI in health and medicine [J ] . Nat Med , 2022 , 28 ( 1 ): 31 - 38 .
胡奥婷 , 胡爱群 , 胡韵 , 等 . 机器学习中差分隐私的数据共享及发布:技术、应用和挑战 [J ] . 信息安全学报 , 2022 , 7 ( 4 ): 1 - 16 .
OBERMEYER Z , POWERS B , VOGELI C , et al . Dissec- ting racial bias in an algorithm used to manage the health of populations [J ] . Science , 2019 , 366 ( 6464 ): 447 - 453 .
于兰亦 , 翟晓梅 . 人工智能在临床实践中的创新应用和伦理挑战 [J ] . 数字医学与健康 , 2024 ( 2 ): 108 - 112 .
FINLAYSON S G , SUBBASWAMY A , SINGH K , et al . The clinician and dataset shift in artificial intelligence [J ] . N Engl J Med , 2021 , 385 ( 3 ): 283 - 286 .
WHO . Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health:guidance on large multi-modal models [EB/OL ] . [ 2025-03-26 ] . https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240084759 https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240084759 .
俞鼎 . “有意义的人类控制”:智能时代人机系统“共享控制”的伦理原则解析 [J ] . 自然辩证法研究 , 2024 , 40 ( 2 ): 83 - 88,129 .
ASTUDILLO C A , LÓPEZ-CORTÉS X A , OCQUE E , et al . Multi-label classification to predict antibiotic resistance from raw clinical MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry data [J ] . Sci Rep , 2024 , 14 ( 1 ): 31283 .
Schouten D , Nicoletti G , Dille B , et al . Navigating the landscape of multimodal AI in medicine:a scoping review on technical challenges and clinical applications [EB/OL ] . ( 2024-11-06 )[ 2025-03-26 ] . https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40482561/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40482561/ .
MALERBI F K , NAKAYAMA L F , GAYLE DYCHIAO R , et al . Digital education for the deployment of artificial intelligence in health care [J ] . J Med Internet Res , 2023 , 25 : e43333 .
EGUIA H , SÁNCHEZ-BOCANEGRA C L , VINCIARELLI F , et al . Clinical decision support and natural language processing in medicine:systematic literature review [J ] . J Med Internet Res , 2024 , 26 : e55315 .
MONTASTRUC F , STORCK W , DE CANECAUDE C , et al . Will artificial intelligence chatbots replace clinical pharmacologists?An exploratory study in clinical practice [J ] . Eur J Clin Pharmacol , 2023 , 79 ( 10 ): 1375 - 1384 .
MUNIR F , GEHRES A , WAI D , et al . Evaluation of ChatGPT as a tool for answering clinical questions in pharmacy practice [J ] . J Pharm Pract , 2024 , 37 ( 6 ): 1303 - 1310 .
ALBOGAMI Y , ALFAKHRI A , ALAQIL A , et al . Safety and quality of AI chatbots for drug-related inquiries:a real-world comparison with licensed pharmacists [J ] . Digit Health , 2024 , 10 : 20552076241253523 .
0
Views
0
下载量
0
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution