OBJECTIVE：To provi de reference for classification ，selection and management of antibacterial drugs in medical institutions. METHODS ：The adjustment of antibacterial drug list in 2019 edition of National Basic Medical Insurance ，Work Injury Insurance and Maternity Insurance （called“New List ”for short ）was introduced. The politic reference of selection and adjustment of antibacterial drugs and the principle of classification selection in medical institutions were sort out. The challenges which may bring to pharmaceutical administration and clinical use in medical institutions were investigated. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： Three new varieties of the antibacterial drugs in the New List have been added ，including Doxycycline injection，Faropenem granules and Metronidazole oral regular-release preparations. Nine product specifications were excluded ，such as Tetracycline oral regular-release preparations ，Dirithromycin oral regular-release preparations ，etc. The limitation of indications and/or indications of 19 regulations was modified ，and some antibacterial requirements were limited to patients with clear evidence of drug sensitivity test or severe infection. When classifying and selecting antibacterial drugs ，medical institutions should take the existing policy documents as the basis ，strictly implement the relevant provisions of antibacterial drug management ，give priority to meeting various national prescription sets and drug list varieties ，select drugs with sufficient evidence-based treatment basis ，drug quality and safety ，and take into account the convenience and economy of drug use ，supply guarantee service capacity of drug production and circulation enterprises and local situation of pathogenic bacteria resistance. The adjustment of New List also brings challenges to use and management of antibacterial drugs in medical institutions. For example ，New List emphasizes“limited drug sensitivity evidence ”for many antibacterial specifications. But if the clinicians choose drugs mechanically according to the drug sensitivity results and ignores the experience treatment in anti-infection treatment ，another type of “abuse”may be abused ；in addition，the indications of myxomycetin B and colistin （sulfate myxomycetin ）are completely different ，which also deserves further study.