OBJECTIVE：To st udy t he effects of total flavonoids from chamomile on lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemia model mice and its potential mechanism. METHODS ：Thirty male C 57BL/6J-ApoE－/－ mice were randomly divided into model group ， positive control group（fenofibrate 30 mg/kg）and chamomile total flavonoids low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （88， 176，352 mg/kg），with 6 mice in each group. In addition ，6 male C 57BL/6J mice were used as normal control group. Mice in normal control group were fed with ordinary diet ，and mice in other groups were fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks to replicate hyperlipidemia model. At the time of making model ，administration groups were given relevant liquid （using 1％ sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as solvent ）；normal control group and model group were given 1％ sodium carboxymethyl cellulose intragastrically，200 mL per gavage ，once a day ，for consecutive 8 weeks. The body weight of mice in each group was weighed before medication and 8 weeks after medication. The serum contents of total cholesterol （TC），triacylglycerol（TG），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C），aspartate aminotransferase （AST）and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） in mice were detected after last administration ；the contents of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde（MDA）as well as the protein expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α（PPARα），carnitine palmityl transferase 1A（CPT1A）and peroxase acyl-CoA oxidase 1（ACOX1）in liver tissue were determined. The pathological changes i n liver tissue were observed. RESULTS：Compared w ith before medication ，the body weight of each group showed an increasing trend after 8 weeks of medication. Compared with normal control group ，body weight ，the contents of TC ，TG， LDL-C，AST and ALT in serum and MDA content in live r lan- tissue of mice in model group were significantly increased wei516@sina.com after 8 weeks of medication （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The ·2706· China Pharmacy content of HDL-C in serum and the cont ent of SOD in liver tissue ，as well as the protein expressions of PPARα，CPT1A and ACOX1 were significantly decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），and the structure of liver tissue was disorganized ，with circular fat vacuoles of different sizes and lipid droplets of different sizes in the cytoplasm. Compared with model group ，body weight （except for chamomile total flavonoids low-dose group ）of mice ，serum contents of TC ，TG，LDL-C，AST and ALT ，content of MDA in liver tissue （except for chamomile total flavonoids low-dose and medium-dose groups ）were significantly decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）. Serum content of HDL-C ，content of SOD in liver tissue ，protein expressions of PPARα，CPT1A（except for chamomile total flavonoids low-dose and medium-dose groups ） and ACOX 1 were significantly increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；liver tissue structure was clear ，and liver fat vacuoles were improved to varying degrees ，and less lipid droplets. The improvement effect of the above indexes was the best in the chamomile total flavonoids high-dose group. CONCLUSIONS ：Chamomile total flavonoids can prevent the occurrence of hyperlipidemia in C57BL/6J-ApoE －/－ mice，the mechanism of which may be associated with up-regulation of PPARα expression，the improvement of liver injury and oxidant stress injury.