OBJECTIVE： To provide reference and basis for our country to formulate policies for online prescription drug sales. METHODS： SWOT analysis was adopted to analyze the Strengths （S）， Weaknesses （W）， opportunities （O）， threats （T） and other factors of prescription drug online sale so as to put forward policy reform suggestions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： The online prescription drug sales had the advantages of better drug availability， improving cost affordability， promote information disclosure and break the monopoly， caught up with the country to vigorously promote the “Internet+” era opportunities. But online prescription drug sales also had disadvantages and threats such as inappropriate management mode， incomplete credit system and inadequate supervision. Conditional release of online prescription drug sales would be favorable to the internal and external environment and the overall development situation. It is suggested that under the condition of improving the ability of intelligent supervision， promote the adjustment of online prescription drug policy， allow Internet e-commerce to carry out prescription drug dispensing by prescription， and orderly release online prescription drug sales.