OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for preventing the occurrence of medication errors related to antitumor drugs in clinic. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， CNKI， Wanfang database and VIP， domestic and foreign literatures about medication errors related to antitumor drugs were collected. Related drugs， causes， type and outcome of medication errors were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS： Totally 65 valid literatures were included， involving 78 cases. Top 4 drugs in the list of case number of medication error were vincristine （28 cases， 35.9％）， methotrexate （24 cases， 30.8％）， cisplatin （6 cases， 7.7％）， and cytarabine （5 cases， 4.4％）. But there were 5 cases of medication errors related to various drugs. There were 51 cases of intrathecal injection （65.4％） and 27 cases of non-intrathecal injection（34.6％）. Top 3 types of medication errors were over dosage （38 cases， 48.7％）， wrong route of administration （29 cases， 37.2％）， drug errors （7 cases， 9.0％）. Forty-five cases returned to normal completely （57.7％）. There were still 19 patients （24.4％） eventually turning to death because of medication errors. CONCLUSIONS： medication errors related to antitumor drugs in clinic not only affect the patient’s therapy progress， but also lead to serious toxic reactions and even death. Measures should be taken to avoid the occurrence of medication errors associated with antineoplastic drugs.