OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for further promoting the clinical application of chronopharmacology and rational drug use. METHODS： The self-designed questionnairea was used to conduct on-site investigation among participants from 40 hospitals in Anhui province by dint of a meeting. The survey data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS： Totally 170 questionnaires were distributed， and 166 were retrieved， the total response rate was 97.65％. 93.37％ of the interviewed pharmacists were aware of the circadian rhythms， and 87.35％ were aware of the circadian rhythms of more than two kinds； interviewed pharmacists expressed better awareness of indicators like gastric acid secretion （75.30％）， blood pressure （67.47％） and growth hormone （66.87％） etc. while their awareness of other diseases like anaphylactic rhinitis （66.87％）， gastric ulcer （50.60％） and migraine （50.00％） remained to improve. All the interviewed pharmacists recognized the better therapeutic efficacy （84.34％） and lower side effect （81.33％） of chronopharmacology-referred medication； chronopharmacology characteristics of glucocorticoid drugs were best known （34.34％）， followed by antihypertensive drugs （25.30％）. CONCLUSIONS： Pharmacists in Anhui province have certain knowledge of chronopharmacology such as biological rhythms， biological process or indicators， biological rhythms of disease and advantage of chronopharmacology-referred medication. It indicates that there has been a foundation for popularizing the concept of chronopharmacology in clinical medication in China； but not often contacted physiological processes or indexes， the understanding of biological rhythm of uncommon diseases are still insufficient， and the understanding of chronopharmacology characteristics of various drugs are far from ideal.