OBJECTIVE： To investigate therapeutic efficacy and safety of leosimendan in the treatment of acute left heart failure （ALHF） and its effects on left ventricular function indexes and serum markers. METHODS： A total of 110 patients with acute left ventricular function selected as research objects from No. 251 Hospital of PLA during Jan. 2014-Dec. 2015， and then were divided into control group （53 cases） and observation group （57 cases） according to random number table. Both groups received routine therapy. Control group was additionally given Dopamine hydrochloride injection or Dobutamine hydrochloride injection as cardiotonic on the basis of routine therapy. Observation group was additionally given Levosimendan injection with initial dose of 10 μg/kg+0.9％ Sodium chloride injection 50 mL， ivgtt （10 min）， and then with micro pump infusion at the rate of 0.1 g/ （kg·min） for continuous 24 h. Both groups were treated for continuous 7 d. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed， and the levels of left ventricular function indexes （PER， PFR， LVEF， LVSF） level， serum marker （NT-proBNP） and galectin-3 （Gal-3） before and after treatment， the occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS： Two cases were withdrawn from the study due to death （one case in each group）. Finally， a total of 108 cases were included， involving 52 cases in control group and 56 cases in observation group. Clinical total response rate of observation group （94.64％） was higher than that of control group （86.54％）， but without statistical significance （P＞0.05）. Before treatment， there was no statistical significance in left ventricular function indexes or serum markers levels between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. After treatment， the levels of left ventricular function indexes were improved significantly in 2 groups， and LVEF and LVSF of observation group were significantly higher than those of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. NT-proBNP and Gal-3 of 2 groups were decreased significantly， and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups during treatment. CONCLUSIONS： Leosimendan in the treatment of ALHF have the similor clinical efficacy with dopamine， but helps to strengthen the left heart pump function， reduce heart failure markers levels with good safety.