OBJECTIVE： To develop a method for rapid determination of moisture and salidroside in Rhodiolae crenulatae. METHODS： The content of moisture was determined by the methods of oven drying （as reference value）； the content of salidroside was determined by HPLC （as reference value）. Near infrared spectroscopy （NIR） combined with partial least squares （PLS） algorithm were adopted to establish quantitative model for the contents of moisture and salidroside. According to reference value，83 samples were collected for preprocessing spectra by Savitsky Golay with second derivative and Norris Derivative with first derivative. The optimal spectrum range of moisture and salidroside were 7 343.60-6 865.34， 5 183.72-4 890.59 cm－1 and 7 050.47- 4 327.48 cm－1，respectively. RESULTS： The content determination methodology of salidroside was in line with the requirement. The correlation coefficients of calibration for moisture and salidroside were 0.968 9 and 0.920 3， and the root mean square errors of calibration were 0.273 0 and 0.085 0， respectively. The correlation coefficients of predication were 0.977 1 and 0.930 0， and the root mean square errors of prediction were 0.222 0 and 0.075 5， respectively. CONCLUSIONS： The method is proved to be simple， rapid， non-destructive and accurate， which can be used for the rapid determination of moisture and salidroside in R. crenulatae．