OBJECTIVE： To investigate the characteristics of central nervous system（CNS） ADR caused by olanzapine， and to provide reference for safe and rational drug use in clinic. METHODS： Thirty cases of CNS ADR caused by olanzapine reported by our hospital to national ADR monitoring center were collected during 2004-2015. General information of patients， drug therapy， ADR， treatment measures and outcomes were analyzed statistically. RESULTS： Among 30 cases of CNS ADR caused by olanzapine， the female was more than male （22/8）； the age of patients mainly ranged 21-40 years old （10 cases， 33.3％）. The original disease was given priority to schizophrenia （18 cases， 60.0％）. When ADR occurred， average dose of olanzapine was （18.0±7.0） mg/d. The daily dose of 20 mg accounted for the most of ADR （8 cases， 26.7％）. Main ADR was extrapyramidal syndrome （22 cases， 73.3％）.  When mostly reduced the drug dose， stopped olanzapine， switched to other antipsychotics， and actively adopted symptomatic support treatment， the symptoms were relieved or returned to normal. CONCLUSIONS： The extrapyramidal syndrome take up the majority of CNS ADR caused by olanzapine. ADR is also likely to happen even if the daily dose is small. CNS ADR are more likely to happen in women. At the beginning of the treatment within a month， close attention should be paid to ADR. It is suggested to grasp the indications strictly and observe ADR so as to ensure the safety of drug use.