OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for suitable selection of antibacterial ophthalmic preparation in the clinic. METHODS： The application of antibacterial ophthalmic preparation in a hospital during Jan. 2013-Dec. 2016 were summarized and analyzed to calculate DDDs. The results of bacterial culture and identification， drug sensitivity test were collected. The correlation of DDDs of antibacterial ophthalmic preparation with resistance rates of bacteria was analyzed by using Pearson test. RESULTS： During 2013-2016， there were 7 categories of antibacterial ophthalmic preparations used in this hospital， involving 10 types. Total DDDs showed an upward trend with average annual growth rate of 26.16％. DDDs of Tobramycin （dexamethasone） eye drops were the highest for consecutive 3 years （2013-2015）. Gatifloxacin eye drops/eye gel and Ofloxacin eye drops/eye ointment ranged 2nd-4th place in the list of DDDs. A total of 26 143 ocular specimens were examined， and 21 kinds of bacteria were detected， involving 6 221 strains with detection rate of 23.80％. Top 3 bacteria in the list of detection rate were Staphylococcus epidermidis （3 067 strains）， Streptococcus pneumoniae （470 strains） and Staphylococcus aureus （321 strains）. Resistance rates of above 3 kinds of bacteria to erythromycin were all higher than 70％， while they were sensitive to rifampicin， chloramphenicol， gentamicin and levofloxacin， etc. Compared to previous year， the average resistance rates of rifampicin （in 2015）， gentamicin （in 2015， 2016）， tetracycline （in 2015）， ofloxacin （in 2014， 2015）， levofloxacin （in 2016） and gatifloxacin （in 2016） had statistically significant differences （P＜0.05）. DDDs of tetracycline was positively associated with its average resistance rate （r＝1.000，P＜0.05）， and DDDs of other antibacterials had nothing to do with resistance rate （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： The main ocular infections were S. epidermidis， S. pneumoniae and S. aureus. DDDs of tetracycline is certainly associated with resistant rates. Regulating clinical use of antibacterial ophthalmic preparation is important for delaying the development of bacterial resistance.