OBJECTIVE： To conduct component analysis for the 40％ ethanol eluate of Hyssopus officinalis， and investigate its improvement effect on inflammation in asthmatic mice. METHODS： The 40％ ethanol eluate of polyamide resin column was collected， and HPLC-high resolution mass spectrometry was used for the component analysis of 40％ ethanol eluate of H. officinalis. Totally 72 mice were randomly divided into blank group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， dexamethasone group （positive control， 1.6 mg/kg） and 40％ ethanol eluate of H. officinalis high-dose， medium-dose， low-dose groups （200， 100， 50 mg/kg）， 12 in each group. Except for normal group， mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected 0.2 mL ovalbumin （OVA） for sensitization in 0， 14 d and intragastrically administrated in 25-31 d， once a day. After administration， 2 mg/mL OVA was dropped in nose for 7 d. After 24 h of last dropping in nose， tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）， interleukin-4 （IL-4）， interferon-γ （IFN-γ） levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were detected； pathological changes in lung tissue were observed. RESULTS： Totally 11 compounds were identified， the relative percentage content of 40.89％. The main components were rosmarinic acid， luteolin 7-O-β-D-rhamnoserhamnose （1→6）-α-D-pyran glucoside， hyperoside， etc. Compared with blank group， TNF-α， IL-4 levels in BALF in model group were increased， IFN-γ level was declined， and IL-4/IFN-γ ratio was enlarged （P＜0.01）； lung tissue was seriously damaged， there was infiltration of inflammatory cells around the blood vessels. Compared with model group， TNF-α， IL-4 levels in BALF in dexamethasone group， 40％ ethanol eluate of H. officinalis high-dose， medium-dose groups were declined， IFN-γ level was increased， and IL-4/IFN-γ ratio was reduced （P＜0.01）； pathological changes in lung tissue were improved. CONCLUSIONS： The established analysis method can effectively analysis the chemical components of 40％ ethanol eluate of H. officinalis， which has certain regulatory effect on releasing inflammatory factors and reducing inflammatory lesions in lung tissue of mice with bronchial asthma.