OBJECTIVE： To further enhance the implementation level of new Good Manufacturing Practices （GMP） in pharmaceutical enterprises. METHODS： Based on the new GMP criteria and Guidelines for Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Production Site Inspection， a tracking inspection was conducted for the 31 pharmaceutical enterprises in 11 prefecture-level cities of Guangxi area. Defects of implementing new GMP and their causes were analyzed， and the suggestions were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： In the 31 pharmaceutical enterprises， there were 30 enterprises （96.8％） passed the new GMP tracking inspection. Totally 331 defect items were found， focusing on equipment （76 items， 23.0％）， factory and facilities （47 items， 14.2％）， quality control and quality assurance （43 items， 13.0％）. Causes for defects were mainly institutions and staff training， factory and facilities， equipments management， maintenance and periodic check were far from satisfactory； material and product did not specify a validity period or a retest period； relevant confirmation was incomplete with verification； the quality control， assurance， management， document and production management were not standard and completed； and self-test program was too simple， etc. It is suggested that drug regulatory authorities should establish and improve the legal system， explore new patterns of drug GMP tracking inspection （such as sudden unannounced inspection， detailed inspection）， strengthen inspector team training and unify inspection scale. And the pharmaceutical enterprises should produce drugs in line with the requirements of new GMP， focus on the update of key knowledge， strengthen relevance of training to ensure the drugs quality effectively by multilateral force.