OBJECTIVE： To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of mouse nerve growth factor combined with ganglioside in the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy （HIE）. METHODS： A total of 150 HIE children in pediatric department of our hospital during Jan. 2013-Jan. 2015 were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table， with 75 cases in each group. Both groups received routine treatment as correcting hypotension， reducing intracranial pressure， etc. Control group was additionally given Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside sodium injection 20 mg added into 10％ Glucose injection 30-50 mL， ivgtt， qd. Observation group was additionally given Mouse nerve growth factor for injection 30 μg added into Water for injection 2 mL， im， qd， on the basis of control group. A treatment course lasted for 10 days， and both groups received 2 courses of treatment. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were compared as well as NBNA score， the levels of related lab test indexes （IL-10， TNF-α， SOD， NSE， VEGF） before and after treatment， the occurrence of ADR and sequela （following up to 1 year old）. RESULTS： The response rate of observation group was 86.7％， which was significantly higher than 72.0％ of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. Before treatment， there was no statistical significance in NBNA scores or related lab test index levels between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. On 4th，7th， 10th day after treatment， NBNA scores of 2 groups were increased significantly， compared to before treatment； the observation group was significantly higher than the control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. After treatment， serum levels of IL-10， TNF-α， NSE and VEGF in 2 groups were decreased significantly， compared to before treatment， SOD levels were increased significantly， and the observation group was significantly better than the control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups during treatment. Totally 64 children in observation group and 60 in control group completed follow-up. The total incidence of sequela in observation group was 10.9％， which was significantly lower than 25.0％ of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： For neonatal HIE， mouse nerve growth factor combined with ganglioside can effectively relieve brain tissue inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress injury， accelerate the recovery of cerebral tissue and reduce the occurrence of sequela with good safety.