OBJECTIVE： To study the mechanism of Aurantii fructus immaturus （AFI） and its main active ingredients in promoting gastrointestinal motility of model rats with spleen deficiency. METHODS： 170 rats were randomly divided into blank group （10 rats） and modeling group （160 rats）， rats in modeling group was induced models with spleen deficiency by bitter cold diarrhea+irregular diet. After modeling， rats were randomly divided into model group， naringin （NA） low-dose， medium-lose， high-dose groups （3.267， 6.535， 13.070 mg/mL）， neohesperidin （NE） low-dose， medium-lose， high-dose groups （3.865， 7.730， 15.460 mg/mL）， synephrine （SY） low-dose， medium-lose， high-dose groups （0.252， 0.504， 1.008 mg/mL）， compatibility groups with 3 monomer ingredients （NA-NE-SY） low-dose， medium-lose， high-dose and AFI water decoction low-dose， medium-lose， high-dose groups （0.104， 0.208， 0.416 g/mL， calculated by crude drug）， ig， once a day， 10 mL/kg， for 7 d. After the last administration， gastrin （GAS） in serum， and acetylcholine （ACh）， motilin （MTL）， substance P （SP）， vasoactive intestinal peptide （VIP） levels in plasma were detected. RESULTS： Compared with blank group， GAS level in serum and ACh， MTL， SP levels in plasma in model group were reduced （P＜0.01）， VIP level in plasma was increased （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， except for the GAS level in serum showed no obvious change in NA high-dose group and SY doses groups， other medicine groups were obviously increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the ACh levels in serum were obviouly increased in NE high-dose group， SY high-dose group and AFI water decoction low-dose group （P＜0.01）. MTL levels in plasma were obviously increased in NE medium-dose， high-dose groups， SY high-dose group， compatibility low-dose， medium-dose groups and AFI water decoction medium-dose， high-lose groups （P＜0.05）； SP levels in plasma were obviously increased in NA low-dose， medium-dose groups and NE doses groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； VIP levels were reduced in NA low-dose group， SY high-dose group and AFI water decoction low-dose， medium-lose groups （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： AFI may promote the gastrointestinal motility of model rats with spleen deficiency by promoting the secretion of GAS， ACh， MTL， and inhibiting the secretion of VIP； there are differences between AFI and the 3 monomer ingredients in regulation of gastrointestinal hormones.