OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for improving pharmaceutical care in the hospital. METHODS： A total of 712 clinical pharmacists were selected from 38 third grade class A hospitals in 17 provinces and cities by convenient sampling to investigate the ability of pharmacectical care and influantial factors. Single and multiple factor Logistic regression analysis were conducted for the results. RESULTS： The single factor analysis showed that there was significant difference in the communication between clinical pharmacists and patients or medical staffs， the listening attitude of the patients， attitude towards job prospects， understanding about the connotation of clinical pharmacy， the timeliness of drug supply， smoothness degree of channel， the timeliness of coordination， smooth development of pharmaceutical care （P＜0.05）. The multiple factor analysis showed that due to good communication with the doctor [OR＝1.819，95％CI（1.469， 2.253）]， pharmacists could understand definition and connotation of pharmaceutical care [OR＝2.263， 95％CI（1.722， 2.973）]， and the male pharmacists [OR＝0.558， 95％CI（0.382，0.813）] with positive attitude to the pharmacists [OR＝1.506，95％CI（1.309， 1.733）] believed to provide good pharmaceutical care. CONCLUSIONS： This investigation can reflect the present situation of hospital pharmaceutical service in China to a certain extent. It is suggested to improve pharmaceutical care ability of pharmacists through strengthening resource disposition and the cooperation between physicians and pharmacist.