OBJECTIVE： To observe clinical efficacy and safety of Brucea javanica oil combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced non small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. METHODS： Totally 131 advanced NSCLC patients selected from Huanggang Hospital of TCM during Feb. 2014 to Jan. 2016 were divided into observation group （71 cases） and control group （60 cases） according to random number table. Control group was given Gemcitabine for injection （1st and 8th day）+Cisplatin injection （2nd day）， every 21 days， twice as a treatment course. Observation group was additionally given Breucea javanica oil oral emulsion 20 mL， po， 2-3 times/d， for consecutive 14 d （3 days before chemotherapy）. Both groups received treatment for 87 d and followed up until Jul. 1， 2016. Clinical efficacy， the levels of T cell subsets （CD3+， CD4+， CD8+）， survival time were observed in 2 groups. Single factor and multiple factor analysis was conducted for survival time. The occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS： The total response rate of observation group （32.39％） was higher than that of control group （25.00％）， without statistical significance （P＞0.05）. Before treatment， there was no statistical significance in the levels of CD3+， CD4+ and CD8+ between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. After treatment， the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in observation group were increased significantly， while CD8+ level was decreased significantly； there was statistical significance compared to control group at corresponding period （P＜0.05）. Four patients withdrew from the study in observation group and 3 patients in control group. The survival time of observation group [（14.02±4.10） months] was longer than control group [（13.21±5.22） months]， without statistical significance （P＞0.05）. Single factor analysis showed that the survival time of patients aged ＜70 were significantly longer than those of patients aged ≥70； those of patients with pleural effusion were significantly shorter than those of patients without pleural effusion； there was statistical significance （P＜0.05）. Multiple factor analysis showed that with or without pleural effusion， age were influential factors for survival time of patients with advanced NSCLC （OR＝1.685 and 0.647，P＝0.012 and 0.043）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between observation group （50.70％） and control group （53.33％） （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：  Brucea javanica oil combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced NSCLC patients， although not significantly improve the therapeutic effect， but can significantly improve the cellular immune function. With or without pleural effusion and age are infuential facters for survival time of advanced NSCLC patients.