OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the improvement of supervision system of online drug sale in China. METHODS： Using “online pharmacy” “online drugstore” “internet drugs” “supervision” as keywords， CNKI， Wanfang database from Jan. 2015 to Jan. 2016 and related websites were retrieved， experience about legislation， legal provisions and regulatory bodies in the United States， Britain， Germany and other countries were summarized. The problems existing in the current supervision system in China were analyzed， and related suggestions were proposed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： The legal system of the online drug sale in the United States， Britain， Germany and other countries is more complete， legislation content is relatively perfect， paying attention to the combination of administrative supervision and industry supervision. The supervision system of online drug sale in China exists problems as follows as legislation level relatively lower， conflict between laws and regulations； the legislation content being not perfect， contents missing or provisions blur in many aspects； law enforcement existing in the government departments， industry regulation being weak and others. It is suggested that the country should develop high-order law when improving the supervision system of online drug sale， modifying the existing law or promulgating the relevant specialized laws by legal form rather than regulations and rules； develop clear， actionable law and learn from foreign related systems （such as electronic evidence， blacklist） to improve legal contents； and further clear the powers and responsibilities of the regulatory authorities， actively develop industry associations （such as pharmaceutical association， etc.） to conduct supervision for online drug sale.