OBJECTIVE： To construct the evaluation index system for the effects of rational drug use policy in the military hospital. METHODS： Based on methods like literature analysis， expert consultation， modified Delphi method， analytic hierarchy process （AHP）， the evaluation index system was constructed and the weight of indicators was calculated. The feasibility of the index system was verified by experimental evaluation. Through comparing drug use level between military patients and local insurance for medical care， the effects of rational drug use policy were evaluated in military hospital. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： The index system includes 3 first-level indexes as rationality， accessibility， economics， 10 second-level indexes and 20 third-level indexes. The results of the experimental evaluation in 176 military hospitals show that the economic indexes scoring rate is lower than the reasonable indexes and the availability indexes， and the difference value are 3.12％ and 4.06％； the first-level indexes average scoring rate of divisional hospital is higher than that of regimental hospital， and the difference value is 21.6％. The index system solves the problems of false data， incomplete evaluation， inadequate check， improves informatization level of evaluation， and realizes long-term dynamic monitoring and remote evaluation.