OBJECTIVE： To explore the effects of short-term application of atorvastatin combined with ezetimibe on efficacy and related indicators of patients with primary nephrotic syndrome with hyperlipidemia. METHODS： Data of 50 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome with hyperlipidemia were retrospectively collected and divided into combination group and control group according different treatment， 25 cases in each group. All patients received low-salt， low-fat ，high-quality protein， giving prednisone 1 mg/（kg·d）， po， qd， combined with anticoagulation， diuretic， anti-infection， taking cytotoxic drugs if necessary. Based on it， control group received Atorvastatin calcium tablet 20 mg before going to bed， qd； combination group received Atorvastatin calcium tablet （the same dosage and usage with control group）+Ezetimibe tablet 10 mg， qd. They were treated for 2 weeks. Lipid-lowering efficacy and low-density lipoprotein （LDL-C）， triglyceride （TG）， cholesterol （TC）， high-density lipoprotein （HDL-C）， 24 h urinary protein （M-TP）， serum albumin， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen before and after treatment in 2 groups were observed and the incidence of adverse reaction was recorded. RESULTS： There was no significant differences in the total effective rate of Lipid-lowering in 2 groups（P＞0.05）. After treatment， LDL-C， TC and HDL-C in 2 groups were significantly lower than before， Alb in combination group and ALT in 2 groups were significantly higher than before， with statistical significance（P＜0.05）， while there were no significant difference in 2 groups（P＞0.05）. And there was no significant difference in the TG，M-TP，AST， serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen before and after treatment（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Atorvastatin combined with ezetimibe can improve the blood lipid of patients with primary nephrotic syndrome with hyperlipidemia， while showing similar efficacy and safety with atorvastatin alone in a short term.