OBJECTIVE： To establish the quality standard for Mongolian medicine Yishen powder. METHODS： TLC was used for the qualitative identification of Rheum palmatum and Terminalia chebula in the preparation； HPLC was used for the contents determination of aloe emodin， rhein， emodin， chrysophanol and physcion： the column was Inertsil C18 with mobile phase of methanol-0.1％ phosphoric acid （gradient elution） at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min， detection wavelength was 254 nm， column temperature was 35 ℃ and the injection volume was 10 μL. RESULTS： The TLC pots of R. palmatum and T. chebula were clear and well-separated， negative control without interference. The linear range was 23.55-117.75 ng for aloe emodin（r＝0.999 9）， 44.72-223.62 ng for rhein（r＝0.999 8）， 43.18-215.90 ng for emodin（r＝0.999 7），77.41-387.12 ng for chrysophanol （r＝0.999 9） and 46.02-230.10 ng for physcion （r＝0.999 7）； RSDs of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0％； recoveries were 95.80％-99.66％（RSD＝1.21％，n＝6）， 95.01％-98.07％（RSD＝0.92％，n＝6），95.06％-97.84％（RSD＝0.5％，n＝6），95.19％- 97.66％（RSD＝1.07％，n＝6） and 95.07％-98.20％（RSD＝0.95％，n＝6）. CONCLUSIONS： The established standard can be used for the quality control of Mongolian medicine Yishen powder.