OBJECTIVE： To explore the effectiveness and safety of probucol combined with rosuvastatin in the treatment of vascular dementia （VD）. METHODS： In retrospective study， clinical information of 88 VD patients selected from neurology department of our hospital during May 2013-Feb. 2015 were divided into observation group and control group according to therapy plan， with 44 cases in each group. Both groups received conventional treatments such as controlling blood pressure and blood glucose， anticoagulation. Control group was additionally given Rosuvastatin calcium tablets orally 20 mg， at bedtime； observation group was additionally given Probucol tablet 0.5 g， bid， after meal， on the basis of control group. Both groups received treatment for consecutive 3 months. MMSE and ADL score were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment as well as the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， HDL-C， CRP， TNF-α， IL-6， IL-1β， SOD and MDA. The occurrence of ADR was also observed. RESULTS： Before treatment， there was no statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. Compared to before treatment， MMSE and ALD score， serum SOD level of 2 groups were increased significantly， while serum levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， CRP， TNF-α， IL-6， IL-1β and MDA were decreased significantly after treatment， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. Above indexes of observation group were significantly better than those of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in HDL-C level between 2 groups before and after treatment （P＞0.05）.  There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups （P＞0.05）.CONCLUSIONS： Probucol combined with rosuvastatin is better than rosuvastatin alone in reducing blood lipid， serum inflammatory factors and oxidant stress indexes levels， improving cognitive function and quality of life with good safety.