OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of ambroxol assisted with BAL on the related indicators of patients with tracheotomy for traumatic brain injury. METHODS： 90 patients with tracheotomy for traumatic brain injury were randomly divided into control group （45 cases） and observation group （45 cases）. All patients received hemostasis， sputum suction， airway atomization， continuous oxygen uptake， preventive use of antibiotics and other conventional treatment. Based on it， control group was taken BAL； observation group was additionally given Ambroxol hydrochloride injection 30 mg after BAL， adding into 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection 100 ml， intravenous infusion， 3 times a day. The 2 groups were treated for 7 d. The incidence of postoperative lung infection， the numbers of white blood cells and polymorphonuclear cells in 2 groups after 1， 3， 5， 7 d in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS： The infection incidences of pseudomonas aeruginosa， acinetobacter baumannii， klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus in observation group were significantly lower than control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. After operation， the numbers of white blood cells and polymorphonuclear cells in 2 groups were significantly lower than before， gradually decreased with time， and observation group was lower than control group， with statistical significances （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：Based on conventional treatment， Ambroxol assisted with BAL can effectively reduce the incidence of lung infection and inflammation levels for patients with tracheotomy for traumatic brain injury.