OBJECTIVE： To establish the quality standard for Shenfu yishen capsule. METHODS： The microscopic characteristics of Gymnadenia conopsea were detected； TLC was adopted for the qualitative identification of Salvia miltiorrhiza， Rheum palmatum， Glycyrrhiza uralensis， Rhodiola rosea and Cortex cinnamomi； HPLC was used for the content determination of astragaloside： the column was Phenomenex Luna-C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water （35 ∶ 65，V/V） at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min， column temerpature was 30 ℃. RESULTS： Microscopic identification features of G. conopsea were exclusive， TLC identification of S. miltiorrhiza， R. palmatum， G. uralensis，R. rosea and C. cinnamomi was well separated and specific； the linear range of astragaloside was 0.832 8-4.164 0 μg （r＝0.999 9）；RSDs of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were no higher than 2.03％；recovery was 95.02％-104.33％（RSD＝3.80％，n＝6）. CONCLUSIONS： The standard can effectively control the quality of Shenfu yishen capsule.