OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effects of quality control circle （QCC） in improving the compliance of asthma/COPD outpatients handling inhaler devices. METHODS： By simple random sampling method， 90 asthma/COPD outpatients receiving Tiotropium bromide powder for inhalantion， Salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalantion and Budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalantion were selected from our hospital during Apr. to Nov. 2015. The reasons for poor compliance of handling inhaler devices were analyzed by QCC. The countermeasures were formulated to improve the compliance， including clinical pharmacist education， follow-up， issuing education manuals， developing WeChat consulting. Operation step score of inhaler devices， compliance score and activity ability score of QCC members were analyzed statistically before and after QCC. RESULTS： After the development of QCC， operation step score of inhaler devices and compliance score in 90 asthma/COPD outpatients increased from 7.7 and 7.7 before activity to 8.8 and 9.3 after activity， the achievable rate of compliance was 114.3％， and the improvement rate was 20.8％. The sense of honor， responsibility， self-confidence， QCC techniques， communication and coordination， team cohesion of all members were all improved obviously. CONCLUSIONS： QCC activity improves the compliance of asthma/COPD outpatients handling inhaler devices and shows the professional service level of clinical pharmacists， which is of significance to the improvement of pharmaceutical care.