OBJECTIVE： To systematically review the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine combined with docetaxel in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）， and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， Cochrane Library， Elsevier， CJFD， Wangfang Database and VIP， randomized controlled trials （RCT） about the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine combined with docetaxel （test group） versus the 3rd generation chemotherapeutic agents combined with cisplatin （control group） in the treatment of NSCLC were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software after quality evaluation by modified Jadad scale. RESULTS： Totally 9 RCTs were included， involving 1 986 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed， there were no significant differences in the total effective rate [RR＝0.93，95％CI（0.83，1.05），P＝0.27]，1-year survival rate [RR＝0.97，95％CI（0.87，1.09），P＝0.64]， the incidences of liver dysfunction [RR＝0.35，95％CI（0.06，2.18），P＝0.26] and leukopenia [RR＝0.80，95％CI（0.57，1.10），P＝0.17] and decreased rate of hemoglobin [RR＝0.65， 95％CI（0.25，1.69），P＝0.38] in 2 groups； the incidences of liver dysfunction [RR＝0.09， 95％CI（0.02， 0.38），P＝0.001] and neurotoxicity in test group were significantly lower than control group， while the incidence of lung injury [RR＝8.71， 95％CI（2.04，37.12），P＝0.003] was significantly higher than control group， the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS： Gemcitabine combined with docetaxel shows similar efficacy to  the 3rd generation chemotherapeutic agents combined with cisplatin in the treatment of NSCLC， less effect on renal function and nerve while high on pulmonary toxicity.