OBJECTIVE：To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of 5 unsaturated fatty acids in Perilla oil capsule. METHODS： With the reference material of α-linolenic acid methyl ester， GC was used to determine and calculate the relative correction factors of α-linolenic acid methyl ester with methyl palmitate， methyl stearate， methyl oleate and linoleic acid methyl ester， and the correction factors were used to calculate the contents of 5 unsaturated fatty acids； the column was Agilent Innowax capillary column，the detector was FID， the inlet temperature was 230 ℃， the detector temperature was 250 ℃， the gas flow rate was 20 ml/min （nitrogen）， 40 ml/min （hydrogen） and 350 ml/min （air）， split ratio was 30 to 1， the column temperature was 190 ℃， and injection volume was 1 μl. RESULTS：The linear range was  0.018-0.792 μg（r＝0.999 4） for methyl palmitate， 0.001 6-0.017 6 μg（r＝0.999 3） for methyl stearate，0.005 6-0.246 4 μg（r＝0.999 9） for methyl oleate，0.003-0.132 μg（r＝0.999 0） for linoleic acid methyl ester and 0.018-0.792 μg（r＝0.999 8） for α-linolenic acid methyl ester； RSDs of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 5％； recoveries were 98.990％-101.70％（RSD＝0.720％，n＝6） for methyl palmitate， 99.599％-100.699％（RSD＝0.368％，n＝6） for methyl stearate， 98.996％-101.680％（RSD＝1.240％，n＝6） for methyl oleate， 99.813％-100.963％（RSD＝0.434％，n＝6） for linoleic acid methyl ester and 97.185％-99.602％（RSD＝0.874％，n＝6） for α-linolenic acid methyl ester. CONCLUSIONS：The method is simple and stable with good reproducibility， and can be used for the simultaneous determination of methyl palmitate， methyl stearate， methyl oleate， linoleic acid methyl ester， α-linolenic acid methyl ester in Perilla oil capsule.