OBJECTIVE： To explore the effects of acarbose combined with glipizide on blood glucose， blood lipid， islet function and serum miRNA of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS： 80 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were randomly divided into research group and control group with 40 cases in each group. Control group was given Glipizide sustained-release tablet orally with initial dose of 5 mg/d and maximal dose of 5-10 mg/time， bid； research group was additionally given Acarbose tablet with initial dose of 50 mg/time， tid， and maximal dose of 50-100 mg/time， bid， with a meal， on the basis of control group. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 12 weeks. The blood glucose， blood lipid， islet function index， serum miRNA and ADR were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment. The occurrence of ADR was observed. RESULTS： After treatment， FPG， 2 h PG， glycosylated hemoglobin and HOMA-IR of 2 groups decreased significantly， and islet B cell function， C-P， 2 h C-P， FINS and 2 h INS value increased significantly， and more significant in study group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. After treatment， miR-29a OD value of 2 groups decreased significantly， and miR-375 OD value increased significantly， and more significant in study group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS： Acarbose combined with glipizide is better than glipizide alone in decreasing blood glucose， improving islet function and serum miRNA levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients.