OBJECTIVE： To compare therapeutic efficacies of Shengxuening tablet and Iron sucrose injection for anemia in maintenance hemodialysis （MHD） patients， and their effects on oxidative stress and micro-inflammation state. METHODS： 80 patients who had received MHD over half year were assigned into shengxuening group and iron sucrose group with 40 cases in each group. Both groups received MHD 3 times a week， 4 h/time， blood flow of 200～300 ml/min； erythropoietin（EPO）was used at a dose of 10 000 IU/time hypodermically in each group. Shengxuening group was additionally given Shengxuening tablet orally， 0.5 g/time， tid. Iron sucrose group was given Iron sucrose injection 100 mg 2 h intravenously via dialyser after the beginning of hemodialysis， twice a week， received iron treatment every one week until complete the total dose of 1 000 mg， to maintain ferritin between 100～300 μg/L. The levels of Hb， Hct， SF， TSAT， hs-CRP， IL-6， TNF-α， MDA， SOD and GSH-Px were tested in 2 groups before and 12 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS： After 12 weeks of treatment， the levels of Hb， Hct， SF and TSAT in 2 groups were significantly increased， with statistical significance （P＜0.01）； but there was no statistical significance between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. Compared with before treatment， the levels of hs-CRP， IL-6， TNF-α and MDA increased significantly in iron sucrose group， while SOD and GSH-Px levels declined significantly， with statistical significance （P＜0.01）. Above indicators of shengxuening group had no significant change， compared with before treatment； there was statistical significance between 2 groups after treatment （P＜0.01）. No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS： Therapeutic efficacy of shengxuening is similar to that of iron sucrose in improving the anemia and iron deficiency status of MHD patients， but doesn’t aggravate oxidative stress and micro-inflammation state. It is an safe and effective oral iron supplement drugs.