OBJECTIVE：To analyze the pathological characteristics and therapy method for influenza A（H1N1/H3N2）infection complicated with plastic bronchitis （PB）. METHODS：Clinical information of 3 children with influenza A（H1N1/ H3N2）infection complicated with PB were reported to summarize the experience of aerosol inhalation of Budesonide suspension combined with fiber bronchoscope lavage. Based on literatures，this rare disease were analyzed. RESULTS：Among 3 children， 2 children suffered from influenza A H1N1 infection and one child influenza A H3N2 infection complicated with PB；2 of them got basic disease，i.e. bronchial asthma and primary renal syndrome. 3 children were diagnosed as severe pneumonia，respiratory failure and pulmonary atelectasis；2 of them suffered from mediastinal emphesema and subcutaneous emphysema. The branchlike foreign bodies，removed by fiber bronchoscope，were fibrin complicated with neutrophile granulocyte，eosinophile granulocyte and leukomonocyte infiltration by pathological examinations. It was diagnosed as PB. 3 children received symptomatic support treatment as assisted respiration，respiratory tract management and anti-infective treatment，and aerosol inhalation of Budesonide suspension combined with fiber bronchoscope lavage. And then they were cured and discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSIONS：PB is one complication of influenza A pneumonia and severe. Fiber bronchoscope must be carried out as soon as possible based on aerosol inhalation of Budesonide suspension once PB is suspected，so as to diagnose early and treat promptly.