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江西中医药大学临床医学院,南昌 330004
Received:16 April 2025,
Revised:2025-08-19,
Accepted:19 August 2025,
Published:30 September 2025
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黄辰杰,袁文萋,卢姚宏,等.中药调控NLRP3炎症小体干预肾纤维化的作用机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2025,36(18):2334-2340.
HUANG Chenjie,YUAN Wenqi,LU Yaohong,et al.Research progress on the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine regulating NLRP3 inflammasome to intervene in renal fibrosis[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2025,36(18):2334-2340.
黄辰杰,袁文萋,卢姚宏,等.中药调控NLRP3炎症小体干预肾纤维化的作用机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2025,36(18):2334-2340. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.18.21.
HUANG Chenjie,YUAN Wenqi,LU Yaohong,et al.Research progress on the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine regulating NLRP3 inflammasome to intervene in renal fibrosis[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2025,36(18):2334-2340. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.18.21.
肾纤维化(RF)以肾小球硬化及肾小管间质纤维化为特征,是慢性肾脏病的核心病理过程。核苷酸结合结构域富含亮氨酸重复序列和含热蛋白结构域受体3(NLRP3)炎症小体与RF的发生发展关系密切。本文系统阐述了NLRP3炎症小体在RF中的作用机制,并综述了单味中药、中药有效成分、中药复方及中成药通过抑制NLRP3炎症小体激活从而防治RF的研究现状。结果显示,单味中药(红果参、盾叶薯蓣)、中药有效成分(莫诺苷、甘草素、迷迭香酸、木兰碱、褐藻胶等)、中药复方(补肾活血方、通络益肾汤、十指方、萆薢分清饮)及中成药(苏茵解毒颗粒)可通过抑制NLRP3炎症小体的激活以拮抗炎症损伤,从而影响其激活的多条通路(NLRP3/胱天蛋白酶1/消皮素D、NLRP3/白细胞介素1β/Smad等)及相关上下游靶点,有效减少细胞焦亡、减轻氧化应激、促进线粒体自噬、抑制成纤维细胞活化等,减少细胞外基质过度沉积,进而发挥抗RF的作用。
Renal fibrosis (RF), characterized by glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, is a central pathological process in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is closely linked to the occurrence and progression of RF. This review systematically elucidates the mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome in RF, and summarizes the current research on the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by single Chinese herbs, active components of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese herbal compounds, and Chinese patent medicines for the prevention and treatment of RF. The existing studies have demonstrated that single Chinese herbs (
Campanumoea lancifolia
,
Dioscorea zingiberensis
), active components of traditional Chinese medicine (
morroniside, liquiritigenin, rosmarinic acid, magnoflorine, fucoidan, etc.), Chinese herbal compounds (Bushen huoxue formula, Tongluo yishen decoction, Shizhi formula, Bixie fenqing drink), and Chinese patent medicine (Suyin jiedu granule) can inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome to counteract inflammatory damage. This affects multiple pathways(NLRP3/caspase-1/gasdermin D, NLRP3/interleukin-1β/Smad, etc.) and related upstream and downstream targets of its activation, effectively reducing pyroptosis, mitigating oxidative stress, promoting mitochondrial autophagy, inhibiting fibroblast activation, and reducing excessive extracellular matrix deposition, thereby exerting anti-RF effects.
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