最新刊期
      卷 34 ， 期 9 ， 2023
      • YANG Yifan,XIE Jinping,WENG Tingting,YAN Liyu,SHAO Rong
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1025-1030(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.01
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo systematically introduce the supply guarantee system of orphan drugs in South Korea， and to provide reference for improving the accessibility of orphan drugs in China.METHODSThe basic characteristics and practical experience of supply guarantee system of orphan drugs in South Korea were summarized by studying the marketing incentive mechanism， reserve supply mechanism and emergency use mechanism. Then， based on the research on the current situation and existing problems of orphan drug supply in China， specific suggestions were put forward to improve the accessibility of orphan drugs in China. RESULTS &CONCLUSIONSSouth Korea has effectively improved the accessibility of orphan drugs through orphan drug identification channels and supporting incentive policies， relying on the reserve supply mechanism and the import route for emergency use. Therefore， it is suggested that China should guarantee the normal supply of orphan drugs from three aspects： improving the recognition and incentive policy of orphan drugs， building a full-time management department of orphan drugs， and optimizing the temporary import path.  
        关键词：rare diseases;accessibility;supply guarantee;South Korea   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • SHI Nengjin,DING Jing,WANG Gang,HU Weijiang,WANG Bei,YU Min
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1031-1037(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.02
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo analyze the risks of prescription drugs sold online by drug retail enterprises， and to provide countermeasures and suggestions for risk prevention and control of prescription drugs sold online.METHODSThe risk hierarchy structure model of prescription drugs sold online by drug retail enterprises was constructed by using analytic hierarchy process. Multiple rounds of risk research and judgment were carried out on 123 pairs of evaluation indicators by using Delphi expert survey method. The normalized weight calculation and consistency test of risk judgment matrix were carried out to perform fuzzy quantitative research.RESULTSThe risk of prescription dispensing and review （6.48%）， the risk of drug first and prescription later （5.48%）， the risk of rational drug use guidance （4.99%）， the risk of buying drugs by abnormal channel （4.97%）， the risk of “first diagnosis， non-chronic disease and non-common disease” （4.43%）， and the quality and safety risk of returned drugs （4.34%） and the application risk of regulatory technology （4.06%） were high risks； the overall risk of drug retail enterprises （chain） selling prescription drugs online was 38.67%， and the overall risk of drug retail enterprises （individual） selling prescription drugs online was 61.33%， with a difference of 22.66% between them.CONCLUSIONSThere were 7 high-risk indicators for prescription drugs sold online by drug retail enterprises. Among them， the risk of prescription dispensing and review， the risk of drug first and prescription later， and the risk of rational drug use guidance are the top three high-risk points. The risk of prescription drugs sold online by drug retail enterprises （individual） is higher than that of drug retail enterprises （chain）. It is recommended that regulatory authorities focus on and regulate the prescription drugs sold online by drug retail enterprises （individual）， and encourage drug retail enterprises （chain） to establish a systematic online sales process for prescription drugs； for high-risk points of prescription drugs sold online， it is recommended that regulatory authorities and drug retail enterprises focus on it and take effective risk prevention and control measures to ensure the safe use of prescription drugs by the general public.  
        关键词：prescription drugs sold online;risk;regulation;monomers;chain   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • WANG Qian,YIN Yu,JIANG Feng,TIAN Kan,YU Xiaoyong,YANG Haoyu
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1038-1041(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.03
        摘要：The system of compassionate drug use in China is in the preliminary exploration stage， and the formal management methods and specific implementation rules have not been promulgated， which needs to be further optimized and perfected. Japan realizes the advanced use of unapproved drugs by expanded access clinical trial system， and makes clear provisions on information acquisition， target patient， informed consent， subject of application， implementation plan， handling of refusal to administer medication， drug expenses， implementation deadline， compensation for accidental damages， post-approval data review after expanded access clinical trials. When the enterprise refuses to give drugs because of the “legitimacy reasons of the system”， the attending physician can also apply to the Ministry of Health， Labor and Welfare， and the Ministry of Health， Labor and Welfare will conduct the licensing evaluation to maximize the drug for patients. This “refusal to administer” reprocessing is a unique regulation in Japan， which ensures the accessibility of drugs to the greatest extent possible. Based on the analysis of the expanded access clinical trial system in Japan， it is found that our country could further build the information platform for compassionate drug use， play the leading role of physicians， protect the interests of enterprises， pay attention to the ethical review， and make drug cost payment problems further clear in order to improve and optimize the system of compassionate drug use.  
        关键词：compassionate drug use system;drug accessibility;Japan   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • DENG Ying,JIN Can,DUAN Zhihao,ZHANG Xiaoli,LI Shigang
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1042-1047(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.04
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo study the osteoprotective effects and possible mechanism of total saponins of Chaenomeles speciosa on rheumatoid arthritis （RA） model mice， and to provide reference for further development of anti-RA drugs.METHODSSeventy male DBA/1 mice were randomly divided into normal group， model group， low-dose and high-dose groups of C. speciose total saponins （60， 240 mg/kg）， Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets group （positive control， 30 mg/kg）， with 14 mice in each group. In addition to the normal group， the other groups of mice were induced by glucose-6-phosphate isomerase mixed polypeptide to prepare RA model. The body weight， rear toes thickness and arthritis scores of each group were recorded； the synovial inflammation， bone and cartilage destruction of ankle joint tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining， tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and safranin O-fast green staining； the contents of interleukin-6 （IL-6） in serum and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）， IL-4 and IL-10 in ankle joint tissues were detected by ELISA； the expression levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand （RANKL）， receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB （RANK）， osteoprotegerin （OPG）， tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 6 （TRAF6） and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 （NFATC1） protein in ankle joint tissues were detected by Western blot assay.RESULTSAt the end of administration， compared with normal group， the body mass of mice in the model group was significantly reduced （P＜0.05）， and the arthritis score and the thickness of the left and right rear toes were significantly increased （P＜0.05）； the ankle joint tissues of mice in the model group showed significant synovial proliferation and inflammatory infiltration， the number of osteoclasts increased significantly and significant destruction of cartilage tissue. The content of IL-6 in serum， the content of TNF-α， the protein expression levels of RANKL， RANK， TRAF6 and NFATC1 in the ankle joint tissues were increased significantly （P＜0.05）， while the contents of IL-4 and IL-10， the protein expression level of OPG in the ankle joint tissues were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， above pathomorphological changes and the content/level of indicators of mice in each administration group were significantly improved （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONSTotal saponins of C. speciosa may exert osteoprotective effects on RA model mice， the mechanism of which may be associated with reducing the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α， increasing the contents of IL-4 and IL-10， inhibiting the activation of RANKL/RANK/OPG signal pathway， thus inhibiting the proliferation of osteoclasts and promoting the repair of cartilage and bone tissue.  
        关键词：rheumatoid arthritis;receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand;receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB;osteoprotegerin   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • LIU Mengyun,CHE Xiaoying,LIU Qiuyi,QIN Yiran,DING Ping
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1048-1052(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.05
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo comprehensively screen the optimal steaming time of salt-steaming Morinda officinalis （SSMO） based on Q-markers and anti-oxidative activities， and to establish characteristic quality standard of the decoction pieces.METHODSThe contents of six Q-markers （1-kestose， nystose， 1F-fructofuranosylnystose， inulotriose， inulotetraose and inulopentaose） in SSMO at different steaming time were determined by HPLC-ELSD method simultaneously. The activity of sample extracts to scavenge 4 kinds of oxidative free radical and their iron reduction abilities were determined by visible UV spectrophotometer. The optimal steaming time of SSMO was screened by gray relevance degree and entropy weight technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution （TOPSIS）-fusion model method. The contents of six Q-markers in 10 batches of SSMO prepared at the optimal steaming time were determined. HPLC-ELSD fingerprints of SSMO decoction pieces were established.RESULTSThe results showed that the contents of six Q-markers were the highest when SSMO was steamed for 3-5 h； and the ability of scavenging DPPH·， ABTS·， PTIO·， ·OH and iron reduction ability was the best at 5 h. There were 20 common peaks in the fingerprints for 10 batches of samples， and the similarities were higher than 0.990. A total of 9 chromatographic peaks were identified， which were D-fructose （peak 1）， D（+）-glucose （peak 2）， sucrose （peak 3）， 1-kestose （peak 4）， nystose （peak 5）， 1F-fructofuranosylnystose （peak 6）， inulotriose （peak X2）， inulotetraose （peak X3） and inulopentaose （peak X4）. Average contents of six Q-markers were 4.17%， 5.54%， 6.60%， 2.89%， 2.62% and 2.13%， respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe optimal steaming time of SSMO is 5 h； the contents of six Q-markers are primarily determined on the basis of dry product， which are no less than 3.03%， 4.11%， 4.87%， 2.15%， 1.96% and 1.58%， respectively. The ratio of Inulin-/Inulo oligosaccharides content is no more than 2.5.  
        关键词：Q-markers;anti-oxidation;steaming time;quality standard   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • WEN Fangjun,GAO Lei,HU Yimin,SHI Kaihu
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1053-1059(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.06
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of salidroside （Sal） on myocardial fibrosis and pyroptosis and its potential mechanism.METHODSThe mice were randomly divided into control group， model group and Sal low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups， with 10 mice in each group. Except for the control group， the mice in other groups were injected subcutaneously with isoproterenol 5 mg/（kg·d）to prepare the myocardial fibrosis model. Since modeling， mice in the Sal low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups were given 10， 30 and 50 mg/kg of Sal by intragastric administration every day； control group and model group were given 10 mL/kg of normal saline by intragastric administration every day， for 14 consecutive days. After the last medication， the mice were sacrificed； hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe pathological change of myocardial tissue and calculate the diameter of myocardial cell； Masson and Sirius Red staining were used to observe the degree of myocardial fibrosis in mice and calculate the collagen volume fraction （CVF）； quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expressions of collagen type Ⅰ （Col Ⅰ）， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 （NLRP3）， caspase-1 and gasdermin D （GSDMD） in myocardial tissues. The total protein expressions of Col Ⅰ， α-SMA， TLR4， NLRP3， caspase-1 and GSDMD in myocardial tissues and protein-positive cell score were measured by Western blot assay and immunohistochemistry.RESULTSCompared with control group， the myocardial cells in the model group were enlarged， the arrangement of myocardial fibers was disordered， the matrix metabolism was significantly increased， the CVF in myocardial tissue was significantly increased， and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Col Ⅰ， α-SMA， TLR4， NLRP3， caspase-1 and GSDMD were elevated and protein-positive cell score was increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， the myocardial cell morphology was clearer， myocardial fibrosis was alleviated， and the levels of the above indicators in myocardial tissue of Sal medium-dose and high-dose groups had been reversed to varying degrees， especially in Sal high-dose group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. In addition， the Sal low-dose group also reversed some fibrosis and pyroptosis-related indicators to some extent.CONCLUSIONSSal can significantly prevent the occurrence and development of myocardial fibrosis， and the mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of TLR4-mediated pyroptosis pathway in myocardial tissue.  
        关键词：myocardial fibrosis;pyroptosis;Toll-like receptor 4;NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • ZOU Qu,FU Dandan,FAN Tengyang,OUYANG Yao
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1060-1065(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.07
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo study the effects and potential mechanism of wogonin （Wog） on airway inflammation in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）.METHODSEighty-four rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， Wog low-dose and high-dose groups （intragastric administration of 50， 100 mg/kg）， aminophylline group （positive control， intragastric administration of 2.3 mg/kg）， recombinant rat receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 [rRIPK1， receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 （RIPK1） activator] group （tail vein injection of 8 µg/kg）， and Wog high-dose+rRIPK1 group （intragastric administration of Wog 100 mg/kg+tail vein injection of rRIPK 8 µg/kg）， with 12 rats in each group. Except for control group， COPD model of other groups was induced by smoking combined with tracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide. Twenty-four hours after successful modeling， the rats were administered once a day for 4 weeks. The changes of peak inspiratory flow （PIF）， peak expiratory flow （PEF） and minute ventilation （MV），forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV1）/forced vital capacity（FVC） were measured after the last medication； the serum levels of interleukin 1β（IL-1β）， IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） were measured by ELISA； the pathological changes of lung tissue in rats were observed； the apoptotic rate of pulmonary epithelial cells was detected. mRNA expressions of RIPK1， RIPK3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein （MLKL）， and protein expressions of RIPK1， RIPK3 and p-MLKL were all detected in lung tissue of rats.RESULTSCompared with control group， PIF， PEF， MV and FEV1/FVC of model group were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）， while the levels of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α were increased significantly （P＜0.05）； there was a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration in the lung tissue and bronchial wall thickening in model group； the apoptotic rate of pulmonary epithelial cells，mRNA expressions of RIPK1， RIPK3 and MLKL， protein expressions of RIPK1， RIPK3 and p-MLKL were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， above indexes of rats were improved significantly in Wog low-dose and high-dose groups （P＜0.05）， and pathological injuries were alleviated significantly. The corresponding indexes of rats were worsened in rRIPK1 group （P＜0.05）， and pathological damage had further worsened. rRIPK1 significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of high-dose Wog on airway inflammation and RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway in COPD rats （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONSWog may improve airway inflammation in COPD rats by inhibiting RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signal pathway.  
        关键词：chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;airway inflammation;receptor-interacting protein kinase 1;receptor-interacting protein kinase 3;mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • WANG Meng,LI Hui,LYU Chuanfeng
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1066-1070(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.08
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo study the inhibitory effect mechanism of rhynchophylline solid lipid nanoparticles （Rhy-SLN） on the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells （ASMCs） in asthmatic model mice.METHODSAsthma model was prepared by ovalbumin+calmogastrin sensitization. The primary isolation and culture of ASMCs were performed， and morphological observation and identification were also conducted [when α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） appeared red and Desmin appeared green in ASMCs， indicating successful cultivation of ASMCs]. The cells were divided into blank group （ASMCs of normal mice）， model group （ASMCs of asthma model mice）， Rhy-SLN group （ASMCs of asthma model mice）， recombinant suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 （SOCS1） overexpression group （ASMCs of asthma model mice transfected with SOCS1 vector）， SOCS1-RNAi group （ASMCs of asthma model mice transfected with SOCS1-RNAi vector） and SB203580 group [p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK） inhibitor， ASMCs of asthma model mice]. The cells of each group were added into the corresponding culture medium containing drug （10 μmol/L） or not containing drug for 24 hours. MTT method was used to detect the proliferation of ASMCs in asthmatic mice； Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expressions of α-SMA， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， SOCS1， p38 MAPK and phosphorylated p38 MAPK （p-p38 MAPK） in ASMCs.RESULTSThe primary ASMCs of mice varied in shape and size， presenting irregular， spindle and triangular shapes；α-SMA appeared red and Desmin appeared green， indicating successful cultivation of ASMCs. Compared with model group， ASMCs absorbance values and protein expressions of α-SMA， p38 MAPK， and p-p38 MAPK were reduced significantly in Rhy-SLN group， SOCS1 overexpression group and SB203580 group， while protein expression of SOCS1 （except for SB203580 group） was increased significantly （P＜0.05）； protein expressions of IL-1β was reduced significantly in ASMCs （P＜0.05）. ASMCs absorbance values and protein expressions of α-SMA， SOCS1， p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK were increased significantly in SOCS1-RNAi group （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONSRhy-SLN can inhibit the proliferation of ASMCs， the mechanism of which may be associated with overexpression of SOCS1 and inhibiting the protein expressions of IL-1β and p38 MAPK.  
        关键词：airway smooth muscle cells;asthma;α-smooth muscle actin;interleukin-1β;recombinant suppressors of cytokine signaling 1;p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • LU Ying,DENG Pan,LIU Yong
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1071-1075(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.09
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo optimize the extraction process of Sarcandra glabra.METHODSThe contents of rosmarinic acid and isofraxidin in S. glabra were determined by HPLC； ultrasonic time， ultrasonic temperature， solid-liquid ratio （mL/g） and methanol volume fraction were investigated by single factor test. Based on the results of single factor test， experimental scheme was designed by Box-Behnken response surface method， and the entropy weight method was used to assign the weight of each index and calculate the comprehensive score. Taking the comprehensive score as the evaluation index， the extraction process of S. glabra was optimized， and then optimized extraction process was verified.RESULTSThe optimal extraction technology of S. glabra included ultrasonic time of 40 min， ultrasonic temperature of 45 ℃， liquid-solid ratio of 50∶1， methanol volume fraction of 70%. The results of 3 times of verification experiment showed that average comprehensive score was 0.988 6， and the RSD was 0.50%. The deviation between the actual value and the predicted value （0.985 1） of each comprehensive score was within ±1%.CONCLUSIONSThe optimized extraction method is stable， feasible and repeatable， which can provide reference for extraction of S. glabra.  
        关键词：Sarcandra glabra;Rosmarinic acid;isofraxidin;Box-Behnken response surface method;entropy weight method   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • CHEN Yuewang,LI Hong,HUANG Qi,YANG Xin,YAO Jiali,XU Lei,TU Xing
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1076-1080(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.10
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo study the improvement effects and mechanisms of Tujia medicine musk needle therapy on cognitive dysfunction in ischemic stroke model rats.METHODSTotally 44 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group， musk needle treatment group and ordinary acupuncture group， with 11 rats in each group. Except for the sham operation group， ischemic stroke model was induced by modified suture method in other groups. After modeling， musk needle treatment group and the ordinary acupuncture group were treated with Tujia musk needle （containing 3 mg of artificial musk） and traditional filiform needle respectively to intervene in the muscle layer of the contralateral scalp motor area， with an intervention duration of 3 courses. The sham operation group and model group were not given any treatment. The neurological deficits score in rats were recorded and Morris water maze behavioral tests were conducted. The morphology of neurons in the cortical area of rats was observed， and the expression of DCX/BrdU and NeuN/BrdU co-labeled cells in the ischemic subependymal area was observed. The plasma levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） in rats were tested.RESULTSCompared with sham operation group， neurological deficit score of model group was increased significantly， escape latency prolonged significantly， and the times of crossing platform significantly reduced （P＜0.05）； the neuronal structure was significantly damaged， and the number of surrounding Nissl bodies decreased； the number of DCX/BrdU and NeuN/BrdU co-labeled cells in the ischemic subependymal area were significantly increased （P＜0.05）； the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in plasma were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， neurological deficits score， escape latency， the times of crossing platform were all reversed significantly in musk needle treatment group and ordinary acupuncture group （P＜0.05）； the neuronal structure was improved， and the number of Nissl bodies increased； the number of DCX/BrdU and NeuN/BrdU co-labeled cells in the ischemic subependymal area were significantly increased （P＜0.05）； the plasma levels of HIF-1α and VEGF were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Compared with ordinary acupuncture group， the plasma level of HIF-1α was reduced （the difference was not statistically significant）， while the level of VEGF was significantly increased （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONSTujia medicine musk needle therapy can significantly improve the cognitive dysfunction in ischemic stroke model rats， and its mechanism of action may be associated with promoting migration and differentiation of neural stem cell in ischemic subependymal area， preventing the excessive release of HIF-1α and increasing the expression of VEGF.  
        关键词：Tujia medicine musk needle;cognitive dysfunction;neural stem cells;neurons   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • WANG Jiajia,LI Xi,FENG Jian’an,LOU Guanhua,CHEN Shiyun,HUANG Yan,PI Xuelian,LIU Chang,LI Ying
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1081-1085(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.11
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo establish HPLC fingerprint of Portulaca oleracea， establish quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker （QAMS） method for the content determination of caffeic acid， ferulic acid， genistin and quercetin， and provide reference for quality control of the medicine.METHODSThe determination was performed on Eclipse XDB-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid solution （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 25 °C， and detection wavelength was set at 360 nm. The sample size was 10 μL. HPLC fingerprint of P. oleracea was established according to the above chromatographic conditions. Cluster analysis （CA） and principal component analysis （PCA） were performed for 15 batches of specimens. Using caffeic acid as internal standard， relative correction factors of other three components were calculated by QAMS， and then the component content was calculated on the basis of relative correction factors， which was compared with the external standard method.RESULTSHPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of P. oleracea were calibrated with a total of 17 common peaks， and 4 components （caffeic acid， ferulic acid， genistin， quercetin） were identified； the similarities of 15 batches of samples were greater than 0.890. The results of CA showed that S1-S10 were clustered into one category， and S11-S15 were clustered into one category. The results of PCA revealed that the accumulative contribution rate of the two main components was 92.502%， and the classification results were basically consistent with CA. The linear range of caffeic acid， ferulic acid， genistin and quercetin were 0.003 1-0.157 1， 0.003 6-0.181 7， 0.008 5-0.425 6，0.000 4-0.021 8 mg/mL（R2≥0.999 7）； the results of precision， repeatability， stability （24 h） and recovery tests all complied with the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The relative correction factors of ferulic acid， genistin and quercetin calculated by QAMS were 1.534， 5.302 and 0.174； there was no significant difference in the contents of components measured between this method and the external standard method.CONCLUSIONSThe established HPLC fingerprint combined with QAMS can be used for the quality control of multiple index components in P. oleracea. The origin has a certain influence on the quality of P. oleracea， and the quality of P. oleracea produced in Sichuan is better than that produced in Anhui and Hebei.  
        关键词：quality control;high-performance liquid chromatography;fingerprint;quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker;caffeic acid;ferulic acid;genistin;quercetin   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • TANG Shanshan,RONG Dongyun,WANG Ye,SU Yushen,WANG Tao,LONG Qiu,CAO Yu
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1086-1092(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.12
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo study the effect and mechanism of dihydrochromone-spliced polycyclic pyrrole-spiroepoxidole compound 3m on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.METHODSUsing human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 and Colo-16 cells as research subjects， CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of 3m （5， 10， 20， 40， 80 μmol/L） on the proliferation of A431 and Colo-16 cells after 24， 48 and 72 hours； the median inhibitory concentration （IC50） was calculated at 48 h of treatment. A431 and Colo-16 cells were divided into control group， 3m low-concentration and high-concentration groups （15， 30 μmol/L）. After treated with relevant drugs or culture medium for 48 h， the morphological changes of cells in each group were observed by inverted microscope. Clone formation rate， migration rate and number of cell invasions， cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were detected. The phosphorylation， or expression of Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （JAK2/STAT3） signaling pathway related proteins [JAK2， STAT3， B-cell lymphocyte-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）]， and their mRNA expression in cells were detected.RESULTS3m could significantly inhibit the proliferation of A431 and Colo-16 cells after treated for 24， 48， 72 h （P＜0.01）， and IC50 of them were 20.36， 23.72 μmol/L， respectively. After 48 hours of treatment， compared with control group， A431 and Colo-16 cells arranged sparsely and loosely connected in 3m low-concentration and high-concentration groups. The clone formation rate， migration rate， number of cell invasions， mRNA expressions of JAK2，STAT3 and Bcl-2， the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3， protein expression of Bcl-2 were significantly decreased/weakened （P＜0.01）. Proportion of cell cycle in G2 phase， apoptosis rate， protein and mRNA expression of Bax were increased significantly （P＜0.01）； and all the above effects were in dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSIONS3m can inhibit the proliferation， clone formation， migration and invasion abilities of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 and Colo-16 cells in a dose-dependent manner， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting the activity of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway， and inducing cell apoptosis.  
        关键词：dihydrochromone;polycyclic pyrrole-spiroepoxidole;proliferation;apoptosis;migration;invasion   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • WANG Zekun,LIU Shenlin,YU Xiaocong,LI Danting,ZHANG Lingfeng,ZHAO Yimeng,CHEN Chen,CHEN Yajun,SHU Yachun
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1093-1098(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.13
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism of Compound zaoren granule in improving insomnia.METHODSForty-nine mice were divided into blank group， model group， positive control group 1 （Estazolam tablets 0.5 mg/kg），control group 2 （Shumian capsule 0.6 g/kg）， Compound zaoren granule low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （2.5， 5， 10 g/kg）， with 7 mice in each group. The insomnia model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress combined with 4-chloro-DL-phenylacetic acid. The behavioral changes of mice were investigated through open field test and pentobarbital sodium synergistic hypnosis experiment， as well as the pathomorphology of mice hypothalamus tissue was observed by HE staining. The metabonomics analysis and multivariate statistical analysis of serum in mice were performed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS， and the differential metabolites were screened out； the metabolic pathway analysis was conducted based on MetaboAnalyst 5.0 database.RESULTSCompared with blank group， the total travelling distance， the number of entering the central region and the moving distance in the central region of the model group were significantly reduced （P＜0.05）， the proportion of total rest time was significantly increased （P＜0.05）， the sleep duration of mice was significantly shortened （P＜0.05）， and hypothalamic nerve cells damaged and severely vacuolated. Compared with model group， the total travelling distance of Compound zaoren granule low-dose and medium-dose groups were increased significantly and the proportions of total rest time of those groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）， and the sleep duration of mice in Compound zaoren granule high-dose group was prolonged significantly （P＜0.05）； the hypothalamic nerve cells of mice in each administration group recovered to varying degrees， and the hypothalamus histiocytes of mice in the Compound zaoren granules high-dose group were closer to those in the blank group. A total of 18 differential metabolites （such as phenylalanine， taurine， norvaline， methionine） and 4 important amino acid metabolic pathways （L-phenylalanine， tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis； taurine and hypotaurine metabolism； L-phenylalanine metabolism； cysteine and methionine metabolism） were identified through metabolomics analysis.CONCLUSIONSCompound zaoren granules can normalize the disordered metabolism in vivo by regulating differential metabolites such as phenylalanine， taurine， and four amino acid metabolic pathways， so as to improve insomnia.  
        关键词：insomnia;serum metabonomics;metabolic pathway;UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • ZHANG Qiang,CAO Yifa,HU Jianshan,LI Pu,HU Jing,LU Yaoyu,SU Jun,LIANG Zicong,YANG Zhu
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1099-1103(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.14
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical efficacy and safety of Jipei dilong ointment combined with diacerein in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis （KOA） in the early and mid-term stage.METHODSTotally 100 KOA patients were randomly divided into control group and trial group， with 50 cases in each group. Control group received Diacerein capsules orally， 50 mg every time， bid. Trial group additionally received Jipei dilong ointment， once a day， on the basis of control group. Both groups had a treatment course of 4 weeks， and were followed up for 3 months after treatment. The clinical efficacy of 2 groups， visual analogue scale （VAS）， Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index （WOMAC） score， Lysholm scores before and after treatment， at 3-month follow-up after treatment were all observed； the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin 1β （IL-1β）， IL-6， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， nitric oxide （NO）， cartilage oligomeric matrix protein （COMP）， matrix metalloproteinase-13 （MMP-13） and C-telopeptide of type Ⅱ collagen （CTX-Ⅱ） were detected in knee joint fluid. The incidence of adverse drug reactions was recorded.RESULTSAfter 4 weeks of treatment， total effective rate was 96.0% in trial group and 90.0% in control group， without statistical significance between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. At 3-month follow-up after treatment， total effective rate of trial group was 94.0%， and was higher than 62.0% of control group （P＜0.05）. After 4 weeks of treatment and at 3-month follow-up after treatment， VAS score， WOMAC score，the contents of TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6， MDA， NO， COMP， MMP-13 and CTX-Ⅱ in knee joint fluid of two groups were significantly lower than before； Lysholm score and SOD activity of knee joint fluid were significantly higher than before， and the trial group was significantly better than the control group during the same period （P＜0.05）. And there was no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between two groups（P＞0.05）.CONCLUSIONFor the treatment of KOA in early and mid-term stage， Jipei dilong ointment combined with diacerein relieve pain， improve knee function by inhibiting inflammatory reaction， reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting chondrocyte and matrix degradation， and have low incidence of adverse drug reactions.  
        关键词：diacerein;knee osteoarthritis;inflammatory factors;oxidative stress   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • YANG Jing,ZHANG Xinyu,ZHENG Lei,GUAN Yuyao,CHANG Wenlai,LIN Zhongkun,ZHANG Yahui,FU Zheng
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1104-1108(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.15
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of gene polymorphism on opioid-induced constipation.METHODSThe target genes related to opioid-induced constipation were screened out through searching guidelines， databases and evidence-based medical data， and then 100 cancer pain patients who received opioid drugs for analgesia were included as the study subjects. According to whether there were adverse effects of constipation after medication or not， they were divided into test group and control group， with 50 cases in each group. The target gene was detected by PCR or fluorescence in situ hybridization. The SNPStats program was used to carry out Hardy-Weinberg balance test and correlation analysis between gene polymorphism and opioid-induced constipation. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relevant predictive factors of opioid-induced constipation， and receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve of subjects was drawn to analyze the effectiveness of each predictive factor in predicting opioid-induced constipation.RESULTSCYP2D6， CYP3A5*3， ABCB1 and OPRM1 were selected as target genes for detection. The results of genotype detection showed that the frequency distribution of CYP2D6 （rs1065852， rs1135822， rs16947， rs28371725， rs28371735）， CYP3A5*3 （058rs776746）， ABCB1 （062rs1045642）， OPRM1 （047rs1799971） alleles were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg balance test. The correlation analysis results showed that the proportion of genotype GG and AG in CYP3A5*3 （058rs776746， A＞G） and genotype AA and AG in OPRM1 （047rs1799971， A＞G） of patients was significantly higher in test group than that in the control group （P＜0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that medication duration， CYP3A5*3 and OPRM1 gene polymorphism could be used as predictors of opioid-induced constipation in patients （P＜0.05）. The ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under the ROC curves for medication duration and CYP3A5*3， OPRM1 gene polymorphism were 0.648， 0.640 and 0.670， respectively， with the optimal cutoff values of 124.0， 0.5 and 0.5， respectively.CONCLUSIONSGenotype GG and AG in CYP3A5*3 （058rs776746，A＞G） and genotype AA and AG in OPRM1 （047rs1799971，A＞G） are associated with opioid-induced constipation， which are expected to become clinical predictors of opioid-induced constipation， and more attention should be paid to the occurrence of constipation in patients who have been taking opioids for a long time.  
        关键词：gene polymorphism;adverse drug reactions;constipation;individualized medication   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • CHEN Yan,JIANG Shuai
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1109-1114(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.16
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of olaparib in adjuvant therapy of breast cancer susceptibility gene （BRCA） 1/2 mutated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER2）-negative breast cancer， and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment.METHODSRetrieved from CNKI， VIP， Wanfang data， PubMed， ScienceDirect， the Cochrane Library and Embase databases， randomized controlled trials about adjuvant therapy of olaparib （trial group） versus adjuvant therapy of other drugs （control group） were collected. After literature screening and data extraction， meta-analysis， publication bias analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed by using RevMan5.4 software.RESULTSA total of 5 randomized controlled trials were included， with a total of 2 633 patients， including 1 495 cases in trial group and 1 174 cases in control group. Meta-analysis showed that in terms of efficacy， compared with control group， overall survival [HR＝1.02， 95%CI （1.01，1.03）， P＝0.000 8] and progression-free survival [HR＝1.78， 95%CI（1.46，2.17）， P＜0.000 01] were longer significantly in the trial group. In terms of safety， compared with the control group， the incidence of adverse drug reactions at any level in the trial group was higher [RR＝1.41， 95%CI （1.12， 1.78）， P＝0.004]， while there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions above level 3 between the two groups [RR＝1.75， 95%CI （0.82， 3.74）， P＝0.15]. The results of publication bias indicated that the possibility of publication bias in this study was relatively low. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the results obtained in this study were robust.CONCLUSIONSCompared with patients without adjuvant therapy of olaparib， adjuvant therapy of olaparib can prolong overall survival and progression-free survival of patients with BRCA1/2 mutated HER2-negative breast cancer， but the risk of adverse drug reactions is relatively high.  
        关键词：breast cancer susceptibility gene;human epidermal growth factor receptor 2;breast cancer;efficacy;safety   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • LUO Menglin,XU Rufu,HU Xuelian,ZHANG Rong
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1115-1118(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.17
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo compare efficacy and safety of continuous pump versus intermittent infusion of amphotericin B in the treatment of invasive fungal infection， and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment.METHODSRetrieved from PubMed， the Cochrane Library， Web of Science， Embase， Wanfang， CNKI， CBM and VIP database， randomized controlled trial （RCT） and cohort study about 24 h continuous pump （trial group） versus intermittent infusion （control group） of amphotericin B were collected from the inception to Jan. 2023. After literature screening and data extraction， the quality of RCT was evaluated with modified Jadad scale， and the quality of cohort study was evaluated with Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed by using RevMan 5.4 software.RESULTSA total of 7 literature were included， involving 1 RCT and 6 cohort studies with a total of 767 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that the clinical effective rate [RR＝1.44， 95%CI（1.13，1.83）， P＝0.003] of trial group was significantly higher than that of control group， and all-cause mortality rate [RR＝0.37，95%CI（0.19，0.72），P＝0.003] and the incidence rate of infusion reaction [RR＝0.28，95%CI（0.18，0.43）， P＜0.000 01] were significantly lower than control group； there was no statistical significance in the incidence rate of renal impairment between 2 groups [RR＝0.71，95%CI（0.45，1.11），P＝0.13] . The sensitivity analysis results showed that the results obtained in this study were robust.CONCLUSIONSThe efficacy and safety of 24 h continuous pump of amphotericin B are better than those of intermittent infusion in the treatment of invasive fungal infection.  
        关键词：amphotericin B;continuous pump;intermittent infusion;efficacy;safety;meta-analysis   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • FENG Xinyu,WANG Min,GUO Wenjun,LI Yuntao
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1119-1125(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.18
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous bolus of tenecteplase in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke （AIS）， in order to provide evidence-based support for the clinic’s choice of intravenous thrombolytic drugs.METHODSRandomized controlled trials （RCTs） about the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase versus alteplase （control） in the treatment of AIS were collected from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， Web of Science， Sinomed， CNKI， Wanfang Data， and VIP during the inception to June 2022. Two evaluators independently screened the literature， extracted data from the literature， assessed the bias risk of included study， and then conduct meta-analysis by using Stata 15 software.RESULTSA total of 8 literature were included， involving 2 129 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that the early improvement rate of neurological function [OR（95%CI）＝2.44（1.09，5.46），P＝0.030] and the good rate of neurological function recovery （modified Rankin scale score 0-2 after 90 days of intravenous thrombolysis treatment） [OR（95%CI）＝1.54（1.00，2.36），P＝0.048] were higher in 0.25 mg/kg tenecteplase group （medium dose） than alteplase group. According to meta-analysis of other outcome indicators （including recanalization rate， percentage of reperfusion lesions， excellent rate of neurological function recovery， the incidence rate of bleeding， the incidence rate of symptomatic intraventricular hemorrhage and all-cause mortality rate within 90 d）， the tenecteplase group had no statistically significant difference with alteplase group （P＞0.05）.CONCLUSIONSCompared with alteplase， medium dose of tenecteplase has some advantages in terms of early neurological function improvement and neurological function recovery， and it does not increase the risk of adverse events.  
        关键词：tenecteplase;alteplase;efficacy;safety;meta-analysis   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • HU Yuanxia,WANG Yun,FANG Shilin,LU Xiaolong
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1126-1130(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.19
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo understand the polypharmacy burden and influencing factors of elderly tuberculosis （TB） in Guizhou province， and to provide reference for reducing the polypharmacy burden of patients.METHODSFrom April to July 2022， 405 elderly TB outpatients were selected from three designated TB hospitals in Guiyang City， Bijie City， and Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province by convenience sampling method as investigation objects. The general situation questionnaire and the Living with Medicines Questionnaire （LMQ） were used for face-to-face survey. Descriptive analysis， one-way ANOVA and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to understand the score of polypharmacy burden of elderly TB patients and explore the factors effecting polypharmacy burden in TB patients.RESULTSThe total polypharmacy burden score of 405 elderly TB patients was （112.65±14.59） points， which was higher than the threshold （110 points） for high burden standard in LMQ. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that aged 80 to 92 years， self-financed+medical insurance， retreatment， drug resistance， and adverse drug reactions were the risk factors for polypharmacy burden in elderly TB patients （P＜0.05）； living in the city， family member management， volunteer management and intelligent tool-assisted management were the protective factors （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONSThe burden of polypharmacy in elderly TB patients from Guizhou province is heavy， and is influenced by patient’s age， residence， payment method， treatment classification， drug resistance， adverse drug reactions， and medication management. It is recommended that medical staff should provide key populations with medication guidance based on influential factor for polypharmacy burden so as to reduce their polypharmacy burden.  
        关键词：polypharmacy burden;elderly;influencing factor   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • WANG Jun,WANG Xiaoling,WANG Yang,MEI Yan,PENG Jing,LIU Maochang,XU Hua
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1131-1136(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.20
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo investigate the development of individual therapy of antimicrobial agents in pediatric patients.METHODSA questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the individual therapy of antimicrobial agents in 30 children’s hospitals and pediatric departments of general hospitals in China. The survey data was analyzed statistically by Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS 26.0 software.RESULTSIn this survey， 75 questionnaires were collected， and 53 of them were valid with an effective rate of 70.7%. The results showed that 86.7% （26/30） of the hospitals carried out individual therapy of antimicrobial agents in different forms. Clinical needs primarily contributed to the individual therapy in these hospitals， while the insufficient personnel and equipment were the biggest obstacles for individual therapy. The proportions of hospitals， who implemented evidence-based pharmacy， therapeutic drug monitoring （TDM）， model-informed precision dosing （MIPD） and antimicrobial-related genetic tests were 70.0%， 80.0%， 30.0% and 33.3%， respectively. Various detection methods of TDM were carried out in various hospitals， and the antimicrobial agents which needed TDM focused on vancomycin and voriconazole. Moreover， nearly half of pharmacists did not know much about MIPD.CONCLUSIONSAt present， TDM is the main way to develop individual therapy of antimicrobial agents in various hospitals， but its monitoring coverage and testing standards need to be improved. MIPD and antimicrobial-related gene tests still need to be further promoted in clinical practice.  
        关键词：child;individual therapy;therapeutic drug monitoring   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • WANG Siyun,CHEN Junjun,ZHU Yuhui,LI Xin,ZHANG Xinru
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1137-1141(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.21
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo provide ideas and reference for the treatment and pharmaceutical care of infective endocarditis （IE） caused by Micrococcus luteus complicated with severe pneumonia.METHODSThe clinical pharmacist participated in the treatment of a patient with IE caused by M. luteus complicated with severe pneumonia； all anti-infective treatment plans were agreed upon after the doctor invited the clinical pharmacist for consultation. After the implementation of the plan， the clinical pharmacist conducted pharmaceutical care of effectiveness and safety for the plan， including adopting suitable drug， adjusting the dose of vancomycin by using parameters such as steady-state valley concentration and creatinine clearance rate， monitoring renal function and adverse drug reactions.RESULTSIE caused by M. luteus was cured after surgery and full treatment with anti-bacterial drugs， the severe pneumonia was improved， and the decline of renal function caused by drugs and the primary disease were recovered； clinical pharmacists had ensured the effect of anti-infection treatment by assisting in the formulation of treatment plans and the implementation of pharmaceutical care， avoiding further renal damage and solving the problem of cefoperazone sulbactam-related drug fever.CONCLUSIONSIE caused by M. luteus is relatively serious， and the treatment drug can be vancomycin and rifampicin. During the treatment， it is necessary to monitor the renal function， and adjust the dose of vancomycin or change other drugs； anti-infection pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists can guarantee the effectiveness and safety of anti-infection plan， and avoid the occurrence of severe adverse drug reactions.  
        关键词：infective endocarditis;severe pneumonia;pharmaceutical care;clinical pharmacist   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • QIU Zhuang,XU Lei,MA Jingjing,BAO Jian’an
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1142-1146(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.22
        摘要：OBJECTIVETo establish a drug batch number traceability management mode in intelligent anesthesia pharmacy of operating room， improve the management level of batch number traceability in anesthesia pharmacy of operating room and ensure the safety of surgical medication.METHODSThe problems encountered in the application of batch number traceability management mode in intelligent anesthesia pharmacy of operating room were analyzed to implement the optimization measure and summarize the optimization effect.RESULTSIn view of the incompatibility of multiple batch numbers on the dosing track， the insufficient number of drugs in the automated dispensing cabinet， the long replenishment time， the low stability of the automated dispensing cabinet， and the tedious management of drugs with a near-expiration period， the following measures were implemented， including changing the minimum unit of dosing， adjusting the drug base number and surgery schedule， optimizing the supplementary drug delivery order， repairing dosing tracks of the automated dispensing cabinet， adding the batch number correction function， improving the screening function of drugs with a near-expiration period， and configuring the automated dispensing cabinet in the recovery room. It realized the coexistence of multiple batch numbers on the dosing track， the sufficient number of drugs in the automated dispensing cabinet， the shortening of the replenishment time， the improvement in the stability of the automated dispensing cabinet， and the efficient management of drugs with a near-expiration period.CONCLUSIONSThe batch number traceability management mode is established in intelligent anesthesia pharmacy of operating room in our hospital， which improves the system function module， optimizes the work process， increases the stability of the automated dispensing cabinet， improves the work efficiency， and realizes the refined management of surgical medication.  
        关键词：intelligent;batch number traceability management;surgical medication   
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        发布时间：2023-11-06
      • ZHU Yangmei,CAO Jiangang,ZHOU Yusheng
        Vol. 34, Issue 9, Pages: 1147-1152(2023) DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.09.23
        摘要：The main clinical manifestation of dyslipidemia is hyperlipidemia， which is an important risk factor leading to the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis， coronary heart disease and stroke. In clinical practice， lipid-lowering drugs are mainly used for treatment， but there are issues such as individual differences and genetic effects. Therefore， it is necessary to perform gene detection on patients， so as to guide individualized application of lipid-lowering drugs. This review mainly previews the definition of gene detection and the individualized treatment of lipid-lowering drugs， and introduces the application of gene detection in the individualized treatment of lipid-lowering drugs （statins， fibrates， nicotinic acid and ezetimibe）. Among them， the gene polymorphisms of APOE， SLCO1B1 and CYP450 family play a key role in the efficacy and safety of statins； the gene polymorphisms of APOA/B/C family have a significant impact on the efficacy of fenofibrate； the gene polymorphisms of HCAR2 and DGAT2 have an important impact on the efficacy of niacin； the gene polymorphisms of NPC1L1 have a significant impact on the efficacy of ezetimibe. It is suggested to conduct genotype detection for patients with dyslipidemia to select appropriate treatment strategies， so as to provide individualized medication guidance.  
        关键词：lipid-lowering drugs;individualized treatment;gene polymorphism   
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