OBJECTIVE：To study chemical constitue nts of Asplenium sampsoni ，and to investigate its antitussive effects preliminarily. METHODS ： The 75％ ethanol extract was isolated from A. sampsoni and purified by silica gel column chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data （mass spectrum ， hydrogen spectrum and carbon spectrum ）. Kunming mice were randomly divided into negative control group ，test group （the doses of 7 monomers were 0.12 g/kg），and positive control group （same dose of benproperine phosphate ），with 10 mice in each group. The antitussive effect of each compound was evaluated by the method of inducing cough with concentrated ammonia water. RESULTS：Totally 13 compounds were isolated and identified from ethyl acetate and petroleum ether parts of 75％ ethanol extract of A. sampsoni ，i.e. 4-hydroxy-acetophenone（Ⅰ），4-hydroxy-ethyl phenylacetate （Ⅱ），luteolin（Ⅲ），apigenin（Ⅳ），quercetin （Ⅴ），formononetin（Ⅵ），acacetin（Ⅶ），protocatechuic acid （Ⅷ），isorosmarinoside（Ⅸ），quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （Ⅹ），isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（Ⅺ），methyl palmitate （Ⅻ）and imperatorin （XⅢ）. Luteolin could significantly prolong the cough latency and reduce the times of cough in mice （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Thirteen compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time ；luteolin has certain antitussive effect ，and may be the antitussive active component of the plant.