OBJECTIVE：To review the method and results of pharmacoeconomic evaluation of aspirin for cardiovascular disease prevention ，and to provide reference for economic evaluation of aspirin and clinical medication decision. METHODS ： Using“cardiovascular disease ”“cost-effectiveness”“cost-utility”“cost-benefit”“cost effectiveness ”“cost utility ”as the Chinese search terms ，using“cost-effectiveness”“cost-utility”“cost-benefit”“economic analysis ”“pharmacoeconomics”as English search terms，relevant literatures about pharmacoeconomic evaluation of aspirin for cardiovascular disease prevention published during January 1，2000 to January 17，2021 were retrieved from CNKI ，Wanfang database ，VIP，PubMed，Web of Science ，the Cochrane Library. After screening literatures according to inclusion and exclusion criteria ，extracting relevant data ，the quality of included literatures was evaluated with CHEERS scale. The method and results of pharmacoeconomic evaluation of aspirin in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases were analyzed statistically in terms of basic information ，literature quality ，model structure and elements ，health status and utility value ，cost items and sources ，health output ，economic evaluation and sensitivity analysis. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：Nine literatures were included ，and the total coincidence rates of the literatures were all above 80.00％. The pharmacoeconomic evaluation of aspirin in the prevention of cardiovascular disease mainly adopted Markov model ， and the model structure was relatively mature. The cost mainly considered the direct cost ，and the data mainly came from the medical insurance database ；utility was calculated according to the utility value of health state ，which mostly came from the existing literatures. The sensitivity analysis adopted deterministic sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis ，and the main influential factor was cost. It was economical to use aspirin for cardiovascular disease prevention in most cases ，and aspirin was more economical for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. It is suggested that domestic scholars can refer to China ’s pharmacoeconomic guidelines to carry out relvant pharmacoeconomic evaluation research more standardized.