OBJECTIVE：To explo re the clinical characteristics of voriconazole-induced neurological ADR and the occurrence of hypokalemia and hyponatremia before ADR. METHODS ：The medical records of 411 patients receiving voriconazole therapy ， who admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to November 2020，were retrospectively analyzed. The general information of all patients，including sex ，age，body weight ，type of infection ，underlying disease ，type of pathogenic fungal infection and administration route of voriconazole ，maintenance dose ，blood drug concentration ，were collected. The basic information of patients with neurological ADR ，including sex ，age，types of infection ，underlying disease ，drug combination ，occurrence time and clinical manifestations ，were collected . The levels of blood potassium ，blood sodium and liver function indexes （ALT，AST， γ-GT，ALP，total bilirubin ，direct bilirubin ）within 3 days before the neurological ADR were also collected. The relationship of neurological ADR with voriconazole trough concentration ，blood potassium and blood sodium levels was analyzed. RESULTS ： Among 411 patients，31（7.54％）patients suffered from neurological ADR ，which were higher in male （64.52％）than in female （35.48％），mainly in patients aged 50 and over （74.20％）. The major infection type was lung infection （96.77％）. Among 31 patients with neurological ADR ，26 patients suffered from neurological ADR after 1-7 days after voriconazole administration ， accounting for 83.87％. Thirty patients received intravenous drip ，accounting for 96.77％. The incidence of neurological ADR in patients with voriconazole trough concentration ＞5.0 μ g/mL （8.99％）was significantly higher than that in patients with trough concentration ≤5.0 μg/mL（3.42％，χ2＝4.91，P＝0.027）. The clinical manifestations of the patients were mainly 023-68766797。E-mail：cheng7zhu@163.com hallucinations（32.35％），irritability（32.35％）and poor sleep （17.65％），etc. Within 3 days before 30 patients，receiving related indexes test ，suffered from neurological ADR ，16 patients（53.33％）had hypokalemia and 12 patients（40.00％） had hyponatremia ，which w ere significantly higher than the incidence of hypokalemia （24.74％，P＝0.001）and hyponatremia （12.89％，P＜0.001）in those without neurological ADR . There were 8，10，7，13，7 and 10 patients with ALT ，AST，ALP， γ-GT，total bilirubin and direct bilirubin increased. In 31 patients with neurological ADR ，the neurological ADR were relieved or disappeared after reducing the dosage or discontinuing voriconazole. CONCLUSIONS ：The neurological ADR of voriconazole mostly occurs 1-7 days after voriconazole administration ，mainly by intravenous drip ，mostly in male and people aged 50 and over. The occurrence of neurological ADR may be related to trough concentration of voriconazole ，and most patients suffer from hypokalemia or hyponatremia before the occurrence of ADR .