OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for improving the efficiency of drug supply emergency management in China. METHODS： Referring to the general principle of multi-agent system， the multi-agent information interaction mechanism of drug supply emergency management was constructed by using drug production and distribution enterprises， medical institutions， government， patients and media as the main bodies. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： In this study， a multi-agent information interaction mechanism of drug supply emergency management was preliminarily established， which was composed of risk information transfer coordination mechanism， information sharing mechanism and emergency task decomposition mechanism. The process can be divided into four stages as risk prevention， risk early warning， risk response and risk mitigation. The multi-agent information interaction mechanism of drug supply emergency management had certain applicability to improve the transmission efficiency of key information in the process of drug supply emergency management， which can provide new ideas for relevant departments to improve the ability of drug supply risk identification and response， and then improve China’s drug information monitoring system and supply guarantee system.