OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of dihydroquercetin （DHQ） on hemorheology and other relevant related indexes in local cerebral ischemic injury model rats. METHODS： SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group， nimodipine group （positive control， 20 mg/kg） and DHQ low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （15， 30， 60 mg/kg）， with 10 rats in each group. Administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， sham operation group and model group were given constant volume of 0.4％ Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution， once a day， for consecutive 14 d. After last administration， local cerebral ischemic injury model was induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in other groups except for sham operation group. After 24 h of cerebral ischemia， histopathological changes of brain tissue in rats of each group were observed； the levels of hemorheology indexes [whole blood viscosity （low， medium and high shear）， whole blood reduced viscosity （low， medium and high shear）， plasma viscosity]， erythrocyte parameters （hematocrit， EAI， DI， IR）， coagulation function indexes （APTT， PT， TT， FIB） were detected. RESULTS： Compared with sham operation group， the cells in the brain tissue of model group were loose， the gap was obvious， and the neurons around the ischemic area were damaged obviously； the levels of whole blood viscosity， whole blood reduced viscosity， plasma viscosity， hematocrit， EAI， IR and FIB were increased significantly， while the levels of DI， APTT， PT and TT were decreased or shortened significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， above symptoms of administration groups were improved to different extents， whole blood viscosity， plasma viscosity， EAI and IR of nimodipine group， whole blood viscosity and hematocrit of DHQ high-dose group， plasma viscosity and EAI of DHQ groups， and IR of DHQ medium-dose and high-dose groups were decreased significantly； DI， APTT， PT and TT of nimodipine group， DI， APTT and TT of DHQ groups and PT of DHQ high-dose group were increased or prolonged significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. There was no statistical significance in other indexes among those groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： DHQ can protect against local cerebral ischemic injury model rats， the mechanism of which may be associated with improving hemorheology indexes and coagulation function disorder.