OBJECTIVE： To evaluate risk factors of linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia systematically， and to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， Cochrane library， Web of Science， CBM， CNKI and Wanfang database， during database establishment to Oct. 2018， clinical studies about risk factors of linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia were collected， and the data of literatures met criteria were collected. After Newcastle-Ottawa scale （NOS） was applied for evaluating the quality of included literatures. Meta-analysis was conducted by using Rev Man 5.3 software. RESULTS： Sixteen clinical studies involving 2 264 patients in total were included. Results of Meta-analysis showed that daily per kg dose （DKPD） [SMD＝0.62， 95％CI（0.29，0.95）， P＝0.000 2]， low platelet count before medication [SMD＝－0.90， 95％CI（－1.62， －0.18）， P＝0.01]， low creatinine clearance rate [SMD＝－0.65， 95％CI（－1.10，－0.19）， P＝0.005]， long treatment course [SMD＝0.45， 95％CI（0.18，0.71）， P＝0.000 9]， low body weight  [SMD＝－0.36， 95％CI（－0.60，－0.11），P＝0.005] significantly influenced the occurrence of thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSIONS： The risk factors associated with linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia include low baseline platelet count， low creatinine clearance rate， low body weight， long medication course and high DKPD.