OBJECTIVE： To investigate professional identification and its key influential factors of pharmaceutical staff in hospitals of Shaanxi province at different levels. METHODS： The questionnaire survey （general information， income， professional identification） was conducted among 395 pharmaceutical staff from 31 hospitals of Shaanxi province at different levels， referring to the psychological needs of pharmaceutical staff. The data were analyzed by statistical methods， including descriptive statistics， chi-square test， factor analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS： A total of 395 questionnaires were sent out and 381 valid ones were collected， with effective recovery of 96.45％. The average professional identification score was （3.87±0.98） points，which belonged to the middle-level. The average factor scores of pharmacists’ professional identification level of primary hospitals were the highest，followed by secondary hospitals and tertiary hospitals. But there were different orders in terms of career attitude， work value and patient recognition. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the key factors influencing professional identification of pharmacists in primary，secondary and tertiary hospitals were education and age，marriage，income satisfaction， respectively. CONCLUSIONS： The professional identification level of pharmaceutical staff in hospitals of Shaanxi province at different levels declines while the hospital level gets higher. Great importance should be attached to psychological needs of pharmaceutical staff， strengthen the development of continuing education， allocate resource rationally to reduce staff pressure， perfect the salary distribution system to improve the treatment of staff so as to keep pharmaceutical staff team stable.