OBJECTIVE： To investigate the risk factors for secondary pulmonary fungal infection in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma after tracheotomy， and to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment. METHODS： In retrospective study， 87 severe craniocerebral trauma patients with secondary pulmonary fungal infection after tracheotomy were selected from Ezhou Municipal Central Hospital （called “our hospital” for short） during Jan. 2014-Jun. 2017 as observation group； 87 severe craniocerebral trauma inpatients without secondary pulmonary fungal infection after tracheotomy were selected as control group. The distribution and drug resistance of infected fungal in observation group were analyzed. χ2 test and binary Logistic analysis were adopted to investigate risk factors of secondary pulmonary fungal infection in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma after tracheotomy. RESULTS： Totally 174 clinical specimens were detected in observation group of our hospital； 7 kinds of fungus were detected and isolated from 87 strains， and the fungi with high detection rate were Candida albicans（41 strains， 47.13％） and Candida glabrata （23 strains， 26.44％）. The resistance rates of C. albicans and Candida tropicalis to commonly used antifungal agents as fluconazole， itraconazole and fluoncytosine were lower than 20％； resistance rates of C. glabrata to fluconazole， itraconazole and fluoncytosine were more than 25％， to amphotericin B and nystatin were lower than 20％. χ2 test and binary Logistic analysis showed that independent risk factors of secondary pulmonary fungal infection included hypoproteinemia， Glasgow coma score （GCS ，＜8 points） at admission， serum creatinine clearance （＜30 mL/min） at admission， tracheal incision ventilation time （≥7 days）， the time of antibiotics use （≥14 days） ， combined use of antibiotics， the use of carbapenems and systemic glucocorticoid [odd ratios were 3.02， 2.98， 2.21， 2.05， 2.48， 2.35， 4.74， 5.97； 95％CI were（1.59，5.74）， （1.58，5.63）， （1.18，4.41）， （1.11，3.78）， （1.34，4.59）， （1.27，4.34）， （2.49，8.35），（3.08，11.49），P＜0.05]. CONCLUSIONS： The fungus of secondary pulmonary fungal infection in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma after tracheotomy in our hospital are mainly C. albicans and C. glabrata， which are sensitive to commonly used antifungal agents. Hypoproteinemia， GCS at admission， serum creatinine clearance rate at admission， tracheal incision ventilation time， the time of antibiotics use， combined use of antibiotics， the use of carbapenems and systemic glucocorticoid are independent risk factors of secondary fungal infection in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma after tracheotomy. It is necessary to pay attention to predictive value of above risk factors， improve sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis and treatment. Antifungal agent should be selected rationally according to the results of drug sensitivity test. At the same time， early prophylactic or empirical antifungal treatment should be given in time for high risk patients with above factors.