OBJECTIVE： To compare the analgesia， sedative effect and safety of oxycodone and fentanyl after laparoscopic hysterectomy. METHODS： A total of 113 patients underwent selective laparoscopic hysterectomy during Aug. 2015-Apr. 2017 were selected and divided into oxycodone group （58 cases） and fentanyl group （55 cases） according to random number table. Oxycodone group received 0.07 mg/kg Oxycodone hydrochloride injection intravenously before skin suture. Fentanyl group received 0.7 μg/kg Fentanyl citrate injection intravenously before skin suture. The patients were given relevant drugs for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after they woke up. Hear rate （HR）， central venous pressure （CVP）， mean arterial pressure （MAP） and oxygen partial pressure [p（O2）] were observed in 2 groups before analgesia induction （T0）， at the moment of extubation （T1）， 5 min after extubation（T2）. VAS score and Ramsay sedation score were observed 1 h（T3）， 6 h（T4）， 12 h（T5）， 24 h（T6）， 48 h（T7） after surgery. The levels of serum P substance and 5-HT were observed before analgesia induction （T0）， 1 h（T3）， 6 h（T4）， 12 h（T5）， 24 h（T6）， 48 h（T7） after surgery. The occurrence of ADR were recorded. RESULTS： At T1 and T2， HR and MAP of 2 groups were significantly higher than at T0， and oxycodone group was significantly lower than fentanyl group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）； there was no statistical significance in the levels of CVP or p（O2） between 2 groups at different time points （P＞0.05）. At T3-T6， VAS score of oxycodone group was significantly lower than that of fentanyl group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in VAS score at T7 or Ramsay score at T3-T7 between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. The levels of serum P substance and 5-HT in 2 groups at T3， T6 and T7 were significantly higher than at T0； at T3， T6， the oxycodone group were significantly lower than the fentanyl group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. At T7， there was no statistical significance in the levels of serum P substance and 5-HT between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. Total incidence of ADR in oxycodone group  （12.1％） was significantly lower than fentanyl group （27.3％）， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Oxycodone is better than fentanyl in maintaining hemodynamic stability， early reducing the serum levels of pain-induced substances， early analgesic effects for patients underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy， but sedative effect of them are similar.