OBJECTIVE： To understand the rationality of proton pump inhibitors （PPI）  in our hospital during perioperative period， in order to provide reference for rational use of drugs in clinical practice. METHODS： Through randomly collecting discharge cases of surgical system of May and Dec. in 2015 from Hospital Information System， the use of PPI during perioperative period was investigated retrospectively， and the rationality of drug use was evaluated. RESULTS： Among 522 cases， 418 cases were given PPI for preventing stress ulcer during perioperative period， with utilization rate of 80.1％. Among them， the top three were neurosurgery， orthopedics and general surgery （100％， 92.6％ and 92.3％ respectively）. Pantoprazole and lansoprazole （72.5％， 14.8％， respectively） were the top two categories of the use of PPI. The irrational utilization rate of PPI was 70.8％ during perioperative period. In the top three， the number of drugs was exceeded， the drug was not used， course of treatment was too long （73.7％， 64.1％ and 62.4％ respectively）. CONCLUSIONS： The utilization rate of PPI prevention is higher in the department in our hospital during perioperative period， and there is unreasonable situation in some preventive drugs， and the measures need to be implemented and strengthened.