OBJECTIVE： To provide scientific evidence for the further improvement of hospital antibacterial management， the formulation of related management decisions and long-acting mechanism. METHODS： Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） was used to select 8 evaluation indexes as utilization rate of antibiotics in the inpatients to synthetically evaluate the effect of antibacterial management in 10 third grade general hospitals of Xi’an from 2012 to 2016. RESULTS： Results of synthesis evaluation by TOPSIS method showed that the least effect was in 2012 [coefficient of proximity from the object of evaluation to the optimal value （Ci）＝0]； the effect of antibacterials management was improved gradually during 2013-2015， and there was the best effect in 2015（Ci＝0.918 3）； but declined in 2016 （Ci＝0.838 5）. Only one evaluation index （the rate of microbial examination in the inpatient receiving special use of antibacterials） was improved significantly in the 5 years（P＜0.01）， but there was no statistical significance in the data of other 7 indexes （P＞0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： The effect of antibacterials management in 10 third grade general hospitals of Xi’an was on the rise from 2012 to 2015， but was declined in 2016. It might be slack. A long-acting management mechanism of antibacterial management is needed to be established， in order to consolidate the achievements from “special rectification for clinical antibacterial use” and further improve the normal and dynamic operation of antibacterial management measure. TOPSIS method is objective and comprehensive method for synthesis evaluation of the effect of antibacterial management， and is of significance to antibacterial supervision and use.