OBJECTIVE： To  provide evidence-based basis for the continuous improvement of antibacterial use surveillance in China. METHODS： Retrieving from 3 biomedical literature databases as Medline， Embase， Cochrane Library， 48 health administrative departments and academic institutions， relevant literatures on antibacterial surveillance networks/projects were acquired and extracted， including basic information， data collection， analysis and reporting methods， etc. Descriptive analysis method was adopted to analyze the status quo of global antibacterial surveillance networks/projects. RESULTS： A total of 21 literatures were included， involving 16 antibacterial surveillance networks/projects. Among them， there were 3 international projects and 13 national projects， mainly in European （countries） （56.25％， 9/16）. Sixteen antibacterial surveillance networks/projects were established to monitor and compare the use of antibacterials， analyze the antibacterial use trend and its correlation with bacterial resistance， and evaluate implementation effect of antibacterial management policy. The responsible agencies were mainly the health administrative departments， and the funding agencies were mainly related government departments. Hospital and community were main surveillance objects. There were 2 surveillance networks/projects for antibacterial use in children， and 6 surveillance networks/projects contained medication data of children. Only Strama in Sweden alone analyzed medication data in children. Fourteen surveillance networks/projects promulgated data collection methods or contents； data collection was mainly based on active reporting and involved the data of drug use/consumption and population/patient. Except for ESAC-Net， ARPEC， NAUSP， data validation method was not mentioned in other surveillance networks/projects. Data analysis was most common in medical institutions and antibacterial categories， and defined daily dose was the most commonly used statistical indicators of antibacterial consumption. Ten surveillance networks/projects promulgated surveillance reports which were mostly published annually. CONCLUSIONS： Antibacterial surveillance have been widely operated worldwide. But there is a lack of monitoring and analysis of antibacterial use in special population including children. In addition， data validation is the weak link of antibacterial surveillance， so the quality of data collection still need to be improved.