OBJECTIVE： To systematically evaluate the relationship between rituximab and the occurence of pneumonia， and to provide evidenle-based reference in clinic. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， CBM， CNKI， Wanfang database and other database， RCTs， quasi-RCTs， controlled clinical trials were searched from inception to Mar. 2017. After literature screening， data extraction， literature quality evaluation and analysis of bias risk referring to Cochrane Intervention Measure System Evaluation Manual （5.3 edition）， Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS： A total of 16 literatures were finally included， consisting of 14 RCTs and 1 386 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of rituximab associated pneumonia in observation group was lower than control group， but without statistical significance [OR＝1.19，95％CI （0.75， 1.91），Z＝0.74，P＝0.46]. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to sample size， multiple-center，  intervention dose， there was no statistical significance in the incidence of rituximab-associated pneumonia between 2 groups（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： There was no significant difference in the incidence of pneumonia between observation group and control group， rituximab is not associated with the occurrence of pneumonia. Due to methodology limit of included studies， most of high quality long-term follow-up studies have not been included. Large-scale and high quality clinical studies are required for further valuation.