OBJECTIVE： To systematically evaluate the relationship of multi-drug resistance gene MDR1 C3435T gene polymorphism with therapeutic efficacy of proton pump inhibitors （PPIs）-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. METHODS： Retrieved from PubMed， EMBbase， CBM， CJFD， Wanfang database and VIP， clinical studies about MDR1 C3435T gene polymorphism and PPIs-based triple therapy for the eradication of H. pylori infection were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical software after data extraction and quality evaluation by using STREGA statement. RESULTS： A total of 7 studies were included， involving 1 019 patients. The results of MDR1 C3435T genotyping in patients were classified as wild homozygote genotype （CC）， mutant heterozygous genotype （CT） and mutant homozygote genotype （TT）. The results of Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical significance in the eradication rate of H. pylori among CC， CT and TT groups of MDR1 C3435T gene polymorphism [CC vs. CT：OR＝0.99， 95％CI（0.69，1.42） ，P＝0.95；CC vs.TT： OR＝1.44， 95％CI（0.66，3.15），P＝0.36；CT vs.TT： OR＝1.54， 95％CI（0.86， 2.73），P＝0.14]. Subgroup analysis showed the eradication rate of H. pylori in CT genotype group was higher than that in TT genotype group among Asian population [OR＝2.35， 95％CI（1.53，3.62）， P＜0.001]. CONCLUSIONS： MDR1 C3435T gene polymorphism basically do not affect therapeutic efficacy of PPIs-based triple therapy for H. pylori eradication. For Asian population， gene detection is useful for the treatment.