OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for improving the registration success rate of new drug research and development （R&D） enterprises after adjusting drug registration system in China. METHODS： The national drug policies， regulations and related documents were comprehensively studied and combed to explore the main contents of drug registration system adjustment and its effects on the R&D forms， drug patent and on-site verification. The suggestions were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： The adjusted drug management system showed new definitions for new drugs and generic drugs in China， as well as detailed requirements and regulations for drug R&D conditions， process and on-site inspection. It enhanced the protection of patents and patentees. The new drugs should be assessed its market value and clinical advantages. Data contents and requirements for drug registration declaration were made the relevant adjustments. New drug R&D enterprises should develop drug listed license management system as early as possible based on the implementation of listed license management system pilot， improve its efficiency and benefit. The new drug R&D should notice the clinical efficacy and demand of market， focus on the drugs with good clinical efficacy in common diseases， frequently-occurring diseases and major diseases； and those for treating rare diseases， the elderly and children disease can use "easy access" or fast track to accelerate the speed of drug registration. New drug R&D enterprises should improve the R&D conditions， and standardize the management of development process to ensure the effective and smooth development.