OBJECTIVE： To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of chloramphenicol combined with recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor （rhaFGF） in the treatment of traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane （TPTM）. METHODS： A total of 82 TPTM patients were randomly divided into observation group （41 cases） and control group （41 cases）. On the basis of routine treatment， the patients in the control group were covered with cotton sheets infiltrated with 12.5％ Chloramphenicol injection， and 1 drop of 12.5％ Chloramphenicol injection， once a day， since 2nd day. Observation group was covered with cotton sheets infiltrated with 12.5％ chloramphenicol injection+rhaFGF for external use， and 1 drop of rhaFGF，once a day，since 2nd day. Cotton sheets were removed every 7 days in 2 groups. After 60 days of treatment， clinical efficacies， infection rate and reoperation were observed in 2 groups， and air conduction threshold， bone conduction threshold and the occurrence of ADR were also observed before and after treatment. RESULTS： The total response rate of observation group was 78.05％， which was higher than 60.98％ of control group （P＜0.05）. The reoperation rate and the incidence of ADR in observation group were significantly lower than control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the infection rate between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. After treatment， air conduction threshold of 2 groups were significantly lower than before treatment， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）； but there was no statistical significance between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. There was no statistical significance in bone conduction threshold between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Chloramphenicol combined with rhaFGF is effective and safe in the treatment of TPTM， and can significantly reduce the rate of reoperation.