OBJECTIVE： To analyze volatile oil from the roots and fruits of Kadsura longipedunculata. METHODS： GC-MS method was adopted. The determination was performed on HP-5MS quartz capillary column with nitrogen as carrier gas at the flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. The temperature of sample inlet was 250 ℃， the initial temperature of column was set at 50 ℃ （temperature programming）. The column pressure was 80 kPa； the ratio of split sampling was 40 ∶ 1. The sample size was 1.0 μL. Mass chromatography was as follows： electron bombardment ion source as ion source； electron energy of 70 eV； inlet temperature was 230 ℃； scanning range of m/z 40-400， scanning interval time of 1.0 s. RESULTS： Totally 43 chromatographic peaks were detected in volatile oil from the roots of K. longipedunculata， and 24 peaks were identified， accounting for 91.5％； main components were sesquiterpenes and monoterpenoids， among which the relative contents of （+）-delta-cadinene，γ-cadinene and isovalencene were in high level. Totally 52 chromatographic peaks were detected in volatile oil from the fruits of K. longipedunculata， and 36 peaks were identified， accounting for 82.2％； main components were sesquiterpenes and monoterpenoids， among which relative contents of carophyllene， γ-cadinene and valencene were in high level. CONCLUSIONS： The study basically confirm main volatile components in volatile oil from the roots and fruits of K. longipedunculata， and the roots and fruits of K. longipedunculata have significant difference.