OBJECTIVE： To investigate the influence of cephalosporins antibiotics on cost and length of hospital stay in patients underwent gallbladder calculus resection， and to provide reference for drug use in clinic. METHODS： A total of 1 866 patients underwent gallbladder calculus resection were collected from 9 third grade class A hospitals in Guangxi during 2013-2014. SPSS 22.0 software was adopted to analyze cost and length of hospital stay in patients underwent gallbladder calculus resection. RESULTS： Multi-factor analysis showed that the factors which significantly affected the cost and length of hospital stay were antibiotics， hospitals， age， surgery types and disease species （all P＜0.01）. The antibiotics were divided into the subset 1-4 according to the cost of hospital stay： the subset 1 only contained cefuroxime （9 454 yuan）； the subset 2 contained noncephalosporins （16 199 yuan） and cefazolin pentahydrate （17 241 yuan）； the subset 3 contained ceftazidime （20 716 yuan）， other cephalosporins （21 046 yuan） and cefotaxime sulbactam （22 724 yuan）； subset 4 contained cefotaxime sulbactam （22 724 yuan）， cefoperazone sulbactam （23 688 yuan）， cefoxitin （24 685 yuan） and cefodizime （24 698 yuan）. The antibiotics were also divided into the subset 1-4 according to the length of hospital stay： the subset 1 only contained noncephalosporins （7.61 d）； the subset 2 contained cefuroxime （8.94 d） and cefazolin pentahydrate （9.78 d）； the subset 3 contained cefoxitin （13.39 d）， cefodizime （13.44 d）， other cephalosporins （14.32 d） and ceftazidime （14.60 d）； the subset 4 included cefoperazone sulbactam （16.03 d） and cefotaxime sulbactam （16.91 d）. The higher the subset numbers， the higher the cost of hospital stay or the longer the length of hospital stay； there were statistical differences among different subsets （P＜0.05）， while there was no statistical difference among the same subsets （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Cephalosporins antibiotics can significantly influence the cost and length of hospital stay in patients underwent gallbladder calculus resection. Antibiotics selection canbe considered comprehensively according to local medical resources and the patients’demands.