OBJECTIVE： To evaluate evidence situation and implementation of global national drug policies on rational pediatric drug use， and to provide decision-making reference for setting up national drug policies for rational pediatric drug use which adapt to the situation of China. METHODS： By retrieving domestic and foreign related database， scanning drug management websites of WHO， the European Union as well as many countries and regions. A pre-designed data extraction form was used to collect information of the policies of rational pediatric drug use. The information was summarized and analyzed. RESULTS： A total of 45 literatures were included， involving WHO and the European Union， the United States， Canada， Britain， Ireland， Holland， Germany， Spain， France， Australia， New Zealand， China， India， Korea， Japan， South Africa and many other countries and regions. The main points of concern for the national policies of rational pediatric drug use in all countries included promoting the development of clinical trials of children’s drugs， formulating and promoting essential medicine list for children， formulating and promoting standard treatment guideline of national pediatric formulary， etc.， and promoting pediatric drug monitoring after the listing. The United States， the European Union and Japan had enacted national laws and regulations on pediatric drug clinical trials； WHO， South Africa and India had developed pediatric essential medicine list； WHO， Britain and China had established pediatric formulary. CONCLUSIONS： It is suggested that the relevant departments should refer to the experiences of the United States and the European Union and other countries and regions to establish national drug policies which adapt to pediatric disease burden and drug use in China